Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

16 questions · 16 findings · 2 reviews · Neonatal · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 12.5%Low 8 · 50%Moderate 3 · 18.8%High 3 · 18.8%

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) leads to lower mortality at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) probably leads to lower mortality or BPD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with control (placebo or nothing) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Cerebral palsy · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic corticosteroids vs placebo or control

Death or cerebral palsy · preterm infants with chronic lung disease

Systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) showed no clear difference in mortality or cerebral palsy ‐ at latest reported age compared with control (placebo or nothing) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Lower showed no clear difference in death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA compared with higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual tailored vs continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Individual tailored showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual tailored vs continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Individual tailored showed no clear difference in death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) compared with continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Lower showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower vs higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

It is very uncertain whether lower changes death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions)… compared with higher cumulative dose dexamethasone regimen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' PMA compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or cerebral palsy at 1 to 3 years compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Later vs earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Later showed no clear difference in death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) compared with earlier initiation of dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulse vs continuous dexamethasone therapy

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Pulse may leads to higher death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' PMA compared with continuous dexamethasone therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulse vs continuous dexamethasone therapy

Death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

It is very uncertain whether pulse changes death or abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome (various definitions) compared with continuous dexamethasone therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Individual tailored vs continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Individual tailored showed no clear difference in death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA compared with continuous tapered dexamethasone regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review