Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

16 questions · 16 findings · 2 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

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No studies found 1 · 6.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 6.3%Low 2 · 12.5%Moderate 7 · 43.8%High 5 · 31.3%

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Cognitive function · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
34 studies · 2340 participants
Moderate

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Quality of Life: self‐report · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
18 studies · 1584 participants
Moderate

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Communication and social interaction · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 702 participants
High

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Mood · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 787 participants
High

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Mood: interviewer/staff‐rated · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 1011 participants
Low

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Instrumental ADL · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 1318 participants
High

Cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Behaviour that challenges · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 1340 participants
Moderate

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Communication and social interaction · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 702 participants
High

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Mood · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 299 participants
Moderate

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Mood: interviewer/staff‐rated · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 959 participants
Moderate

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Instrumental ADL · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 687 participants
High

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Behaviour that challenges · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 754 participants
Moderate

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Cognitive function · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
27 studies · 1637 participants
Moderate

Group cognitive stimulation vs no cognitive stimulation (post‐treatment)

Quality of Life: self‐report · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 1058 participants
Low

tDCS vs sham tDCS

Cognitive function · adults with primary progressive aphasia (PPA)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for improving language and communication in people with primary progressive aphasia 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) vs active control‐site rTMS

Cognitive function · adults with primary progressive aphasia (PPA)

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for improving language and communication in people with primary progressive aphasia 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 27 participants
Very low