Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months)
Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) showed no clear difference in time to death from any cause (absolute effect size estimates based… compared with mitomycin C (MMC) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse effects
Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) showed no clear difference in serious adverse effects compared with mitomycin C (MMC) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to recurrence
Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) showed no clear difference in time to recurrence (absolute effect size estimates based on event… compared with mitomycin C (MMC) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to progression
Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) showed no clear difference in time to progression (absolute effect size estimates based on event… compared with mitomycin C (MMC) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life (measured using EORTC QLQ‐BLS24 at baseline and after each installation weekly for 6 weeks)
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
It is very uncertain whether intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α changes recurrence compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disease progression · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α showed no clear difference in progression compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of therapy due to adverse events ‐ not measured · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Disease‐specific mortality ‐ not reported · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
It is very uncertain whether intravesically administered BCG combined with IFN‐α changes disease‐specific mortality compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disease‐specific quality of life ‐ not reported · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Disease‐specific quality of life ‐ not reported · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Time to recurrence · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α may leads to higher time‐to‐recurrence compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to progression · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α showed no clear difference in time‐to‐progression compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α showed no clear difference in discontinuation of therapy due to adverse events compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Disease‐specific mortality ‐ not reported · patients with non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Intravesically administered BCG alternating with IFN‐α showed no clear difference in disease‐specific mortality compared with intravesically administered BCG alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review