Antibiotics vs other antibiotics
Clinical failure rate (failure defined as a lack of cure or improvement) · patients with uncomplicated acute maxillary sinusitis
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted10 studies · 54 participantsModerate
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
170 questions · 176 findings · 27 reviews · Acute Respiratory Infections
No studies found 11 · 6.3%GRADE not reported 31 · 17.6%Very low 18 · 10.2%Low 29 · 16.5%Moderate 67 · 38.1%High 20 · 11.4%
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs no antibiotics
Patient satisfaction: delayed (prescription collection) versus no antibiotics · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics probably leads to higher patient satisfaction: delayed (prescription collection) versus no… compared with no antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 1.45 [1.08, 1.96]5 studies · 1523 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs no antibiotics
Reconsultations · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics showed no clear difference in reconsultation rate: delayed (all strategies) versus no antibiotics compared with no antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 0.83 [0.46, 1.52]2 studies · 584 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs no antibiotics
Adverse effects of antibiotics (diarrhoea, vomiting, rash): delayed versus no antibiotics · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted2 studies · 674 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs immediate antibiotics
Antibiotic use: delayed (all strategies) versus immediate antibiotics · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics probably leads to lower antibiotic use: delayed (all strategies) versus immediate antibiotics compared with immediate antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 0.03 [0.01, 0.07]8 studies · 2257 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs immediate antibiotics
Patient satisfaction: delayed (all strategies) versus immediate antibiotics · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics showed no clear difference in patient satisfaction: delayed (all strategies) versus immediate… compared with immediate antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 0.77 [0.45, 1.29]7 studies · 1927 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs immediate antibiotics
Reconsultations · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics showed no clear difference in reconsultation rate: delayed (all strategies) versus immediate… compared with immediate antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 1.04 [0.66, 1.63]4 studies · 972 participantsModerate
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs immediate antibiotics
Adverse effects of antibiotics · respiratory infections
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted5 studies · 1302 participantsLow
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics vs no antibiotics
Antibiotic use: delayed (all strategies) versus no antibiotics · respiratory infections
Summary of findings table ‐ Delayed antibiotics probably leads to higher antibiotic use: delayed (all strategies) versus no antibiotics compared with no antibiotics (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Immediate versus delayed versus no antibiotics for respiratory infections 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 2.52 [1.69, 3.75]5 studies · 1529 participantsModerate
Antibiotics vs placebo
Pain ‐ pain at 24 hours · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 24 hours compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.89 [0.78, 1.01]5 studies · 1394 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.71 [0.58, 0.88]7 studies · 2320 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.76 [0.5, 1.14]7 studies · 1264 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics probably leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.33 [0.17, 0.66]1 study · 278 participantsModerate
Antibiotics vs placebo
Vomiting, diarrhoea or rash · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to higher vomiting, diarrhoea or rash compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 1.38 [1.16, 1.63]8 studies · 2107 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to lower abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.83 [0.72, 0.96]7 studies · 2138 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs placebo
Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- RR 0.94 [0.66, 1.34]3 studies · 809 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs control
Sore throat · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics probably leads to lower sore throat: day 3 compared with control (moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.7 [0.6, 0.8]16 studies · 3730 participantsModerate
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.5 [0.34, 0.75]14 studies · 3083 participantsModerate
Antibiotics vs control
Fever · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in fever: day 3 compared with control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.75 [0.53, 1.07]8 studies · 1443 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs control
Headache · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics leads to lower headache: day 3 compared with control (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.49 [0.34, 0.7]4 studies · 1020 participantsHigh
Antibiotics vs control
Rheumatic fever · patients with sore throat
Antibiotics probably leads to lower rheumatic fever (within 2 months, clinical diagnosis) compared with control (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyPeto OR 0.32 [0.18, 0.58]17 studies · 12132 participantsModerate