Rate of caesarean section · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of caesarean section compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumental vaginal birth · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of operative vaginal birth compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality rate (fetal and neonatal deaths excluding lethal congenital anomalies) · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality rate (fetal and neonatal deaths excluding lethal… compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe neurodevelopmental disability assessed ≥ 12 months of age · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labour · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
Admission cardiotocography may leads to higher incidence of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labour compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence and severity of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (incidence only reported) · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
It is very uncertain whether admission cardiotocography changes incidence and severity of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy… compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal seizures · Low risk pregnant women. All of the women were in labour.
Admission cardiotocography showed no clear difference in incidence of seizures in the neonatal period compared with intermittent auscultation (low‐risk women) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal admission to special care · Pregnant women (and their fetuses) in labour, with a perceived need for continuous electronic fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) (ST analysis) plus cardiotocography… showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal special care unit ‐ ST analysis compared with CTG alone (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal special care unit or intensive care unit · Pregnant women with/without complications
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Admission to neonatal special care unit or intensive care unit · Pregnant women with/without complications
Traditional antenatal CTG showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal special care unit or intensive care unit compared with no antenatal CTG (women at increased risk of complication) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review