Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,736 questions · 15,265 findings · 1,163 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,871 · 25.4%GRADE not reported 810 · 5.3%Very low 4,242 · 27.8%Low 3,879 · 25.4%Moderate 1,999 · 13.1%High 464 · 3%

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Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LAMA (Direct evidence; 1 RCT; 282 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 282 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LAMA (Direct evidence; 4 RCTs; 2239 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 2239 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 21 RCTs; 20326 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
21 studies · 20326 participants
High

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 4 RCTs; 2750 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 2750 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 10 RCTs; 15,651 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 15651 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3319 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3319 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 25 RCTs Total participants: 25,583 · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
25 studies · 25583 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS (Direct evidence; 4 RCTs; 1685 participants) · adolescents and adults with uncontrolled asthma, despite being on medium‐dose ICS Interventions: HD‐ICS, LD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐ICS/LAMA,…

1 finding from 1 review

Addition of long‐acting beta2 agonists or long‐acting muscarinic antagonists versus doubling the dose of inhaled… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1685 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 42 Total participants: 14,626 · people with chronic pain Interventions: desvenlafaxine high dose (≥ 50 mg); duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high…

The intervention led to lower total studies: 42 Total participants: 14,626; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
42 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Desvenlafaxine high dose RCTs: 2 Participants: 870 · people with chronic pain Interventions: desvenlafaxine high dose (≥ 50 mg); duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 50 Total participants: 14,926 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
50 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Duloxetine high dose RCTs: 14 Participants: 3683 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Duloxetine standard dose RCTs: 18 Participants: 4959 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
18 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Milnacipran high dose RCTs: 2 Participants: 1670 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Milnacipran standard dose RCTs: 4 Participants: 1866 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Duloxetine low dose RCTs: 6 Participants: 1104 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine low dose (< 60 mg), standard dose (60 mg), and high dose (> 60 mg); milnacipran…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 38 Total participants: 12,985 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
38 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Mirtazapine RCTs: 1 Participants: 406 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants for pain management in adults with chronic pain: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 participants
Low