Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,261 questions · 2,280 findings · 114 reviews · Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders

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No studies found 856 · 37.5%GRADE not reported 58 · 2.5%Very low 550 · 24.1%Low 502 · 22%Moderate 271 · 11.9%High 43 · 1.9%

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs PDPV

Direct measures of mucus clearance: radio‐labelled aerosol clearance · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
20 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

Pulmonary exacerbations · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
43 participants
Very low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

Direct measures of mucus clearance: radioisotope retention · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
31 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

Exercise capacity · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 45 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

Well being: Short Form ‐36 · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 45 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

LCI · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 participants
Very low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs airway clearance techniques

Adverse events · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs PDPV

Exercise capacity · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs PDPV

Well being: QWB scale · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs PDPV

LCI · adults and children with CF

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs PDPV

Adverse events · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 66 participants
Low

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs oscillating PEP

FEV1 % predicted: absolute change from baseline · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 217 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings ‐ PEP vs oscillating PEP

Number of respiratory exacerbations: requiring either IV antibiotics or hospitalisation · adults and children with CF

1 finding from 1 review

Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 112 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Pain ( · patients with avascular necrosis in people with sickle cell disease

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pain ( (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for avascular necrosis of bone in people with sickle cell disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.56, 1.6]
1 study · 38 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Vaso‐occlusive crisis ( · patients with avascular necrosis in people with sickle cell disease

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vaso‐occlusive crisis ( (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for avascular necrosis of bone in people with sickle cell disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.72, 1.8]
1 study · 38 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Acute chest syndrome ( · patients with avascular necrosis in people with sickle cell disease

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes acute chest syndrome ( (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for avascular necrosis of bone in people with sickle cell disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.44, 2.56]
1 study · 38 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Change in carotid intima‐media thickness (mm) ‐ at 2 years · children with familial hypercholesterolemia

1 finding from 1 review

Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 211 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Change in serum LDL cholesterol level (%) ‐ at end of · children with familial hypercholesterolemia

1 finding from 1 review

Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 669 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Change in measures of growth and maturation: change in puberty proportion with Tanner stage ≧ 1 level ‐ at 2 years · children with familial hypercholesterolemia

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in measures of growth and maturation: change in puberty… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.77, 1.18]
1 study · 211 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Liver dysfunction: proportion with changed aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase levels (> 3x ULN) ‐ at all time points · children with familial hypercholesterolemia

1 finding from 1 review

Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 9244 participants
Low