RAS inhibitors showed no clear difference in total cardiovascular events compared with CCBs (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors probably leads to lower death or hospitalization for heart failure compared with CCBs (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors showed no clear difference in total myocardial infarction compared with CCBs (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors probably leads to higher total stroke compared with CCBs (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors showed no clear difference in end stage renal failure compared with CCBs (low certainty).
RAS inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause death compared with thiazides (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors showed no clear difference in total cardiovascular events compared with thiazides (moderate certainty).
RAS inhibitors probably leads to higher death or hospitalization for heart failure compared with thiazides (moderate certainty).
Interventions probably leads to lower clinically important upper GI bleeding compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).
H2 receptor antagonists probably leads to lower number of participants requiring blood transfusions compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (moderate certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Proton pump inhibitors showed no clear difference in clinically important upper GI bleeding compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).
Proton pump inhibitors showed no clear difference in nosocomial pneumonia compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).
Proton pump inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Antacids may leads to lower clinically important upper GI bleeding compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).
Interventions showed no clear difference in nosocomial pneumonia compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).