Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,289 questions · 2,331 findings · 195 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 480 · 20.6%GRADE not reported 288 · 12.4%Very low 467 · 20%Low 630 · 27%Moderate 338 · 14.5%High 128 · 5.5%

Ondansetron vs promethazine

Length of hospital stay · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether ondansetron changes days of hospital admission compared with promethazine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs promethazine

Vomiting · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether corticosteroids changes episodes of vomiting 48 hours compared with promethazine (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Acupuncture vs placebo

Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in stillbirth and neonatal death compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs promethazine

Intervention side effects: drowsiness 48hrs and 3‐10 days · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

Corticosteroids showed no clear difference in intervention side effects: drowsiness 48hrs and 3‐10 days compared with promethazine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Spontaneous abortion · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether corticosteroids changes spontaneous abortion compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether corticosteroids changes stillbirth and neonatal death compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Congenital abnormalities · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether corticosteroids changes congenital abnormalities compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Severity, reduction or cessation in nausea/vomiting 2. Number of episodes of emesis 3. Quality of life outcomes · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs metoclopramide

Reduction or cessation in nausea · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes reduction or cessation in nausea compared with metoclopramide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs metoclopramide

Reduction or cessation in vomiting · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes reduction or cessation in vomiting compared with metoclopramide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Maternal death · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) changes maternal death compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) vs no treatment (comparison 1)

Frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL · nipple stimulation (suckling) for preventing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour.

Summary of findings ‐ Nipple stimulation (suckling) showed no clear difference in frequency of PPH ≥ 500 mL compared with no treatment (comparison 1) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review