Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,970 questions · 2,433 findings · 231 reviews

No studies found 303 · 12.5%GRADE not reported 759 · 31.2%Very low 357 · 14.7%Low 476 · 19.6%Moderate 418 · 17.2%High 120 · 4.9%

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine may leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure ‐ all participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine leads to higher time to first seizure All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine leads to higher time to first seizure Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to first seizure ‐ generalised epilepsy Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure Subgroup: generalised onset seizures Range of compared with carbamazepine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lamotrigine vs carbamazepine

Time to 12‐month remission ‐ all participants Range of · adults and children with focal onset or generalised onset seizures (generalised tonic‐clonic with or without other generalised seizure…

Summary of findings: lamotrigine showed no clear difference in time to 12‐month remission All participants Range of compared with carbamazepine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: focal onset… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) ‐ stratified by epilepsy type: generalised onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) Subgroup: generalised… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Remission · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) All… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup:… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sodium valproate vs phenytoin monotherapy

Time to 12‐month remission ‐ stratified by epilepsy type ‐ Generalized onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly‐onset focal onset or generalised tonic‐clonic seizures

Sodium valproate showed no clear difference in time to achieve 12‐month remission (seizure‐free period) Subgroup:… compared with phenytoin monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenobarbitone

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine probably leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) All… compared with phenobarbitone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenobarbitone

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: focal onset seizures Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine may leads to lower time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenobarbitone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenobarbitone

Time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment) Subgroup: generalised onset seizures (tonic‐clonic only) Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to treatment failure (any reason related to treatment)… compared with phenobarbitone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carbamazepine vs phenobarbitone

Time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of · adults and children with newly onset partial or generalised epilepsy

Carbamazepine showed no clear difference in time to first seizure (post‐randomisation) All participants Range of compared with phenobarbitone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review