What do systematic reviews say?

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 19 participants
  Low
• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 227 participants
  Moderate

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 453 participants
  Moderate

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i probably leads to higher improvement in WHO functional class compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 11.31 [4.9, 26.14]
  2 studies · 146 participants
  Moderate

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 106 participants
  Moderate

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Mixed Pulmonary hypertension group 2 ‐ 4 ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 146 participants
  Moderate

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 341 participants
  High

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 239 participants
  Moderate

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 266 participants
  High

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i vs placebo, on combination therapy

Group 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in improvement in WHO functional class compared with placebo, on combination therapy (moderate certainty).

• Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.2 [0.66, 2.17]
  2 studies · 227 participants
  Moderate

PDEI vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 4293 participants
  Low

PDEI plus alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 40 participants
  Low

PDEI plus alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PDEI plus alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 695 participants
  Moderate
• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 695 participants
  Moderate

PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found
• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.07 [0.84, 1.36]
  1 study · 695 participants
  Low

PDEI vs placebo

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 3646 participants
  Low

PDEI vs placebo

PDEI may leads to higher adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.42 [1.21, 1.67]
  11 studies · 4386 participants
  Low