Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,815 questions · 6,211 findings · 638 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 1,052 · 16.9%GRADE not reported 441 · 7.1%Very low 1,700 · 27.4%Low 1,651 · 26.6%Moderate 1,070 · 17.2%High 297 · 4.8%

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Pazopanib vs sunitinib (targeted agent versus targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Pazopanib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with sunitinib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Progression‐free survival (PSF) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Everolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Progression‐free survival (PSF) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib may leads to higher progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pazopanib vs placebo (targeted agent versus placebo)

Progression‐free survival · Previous treated and treatment‐naïve (54%) metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Pazopanib leads to lower progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with placebo (targeted agent versus placebo) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pazopanib vs placebo (targeted agent versus placebo)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Previous treated and treatment‐naïve (54%) metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Pazopanib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with placebo (targeted agent versus placebo) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tivozanib vs sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent)

Progression‐free survival · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Tivozanib may leads to lower progression‐free survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review