Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,805 questions · 2,912 findings · 307 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 706 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 133 · 4.6%Very low 786 · 27%Low 696 · 23.9%Moderate 474 · 16.3%High 117 · 4%

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's sodium intake (mg/d) Measured by 24‐hour recall · children aged 4 to 14 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 315 participants
Very low

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's fruit and vegetable intake (servings/d) Measured by food frequency questionnaire · children aged 4 to 14 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 134 participants
Very low

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's SSB intake (SSB drinks/d, soft drink glasses/d and regular soda servings/d) Measured by questionnaires · children aged 4 to 14 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 651 participants
Moderate

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Physical activity · children aged 4 to 14 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 573 participants
Low

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's sodium intake (g/d) measured by food record Assessed at end of intervention (9 months) · children aged 7 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 207 participants
Low

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's MVPA (min/d) Measured by questionnaire · children aged 4 to 14 years

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 622 participants
Very low

Combined dietary and physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Adverse effects (not reported by intervention arm) · children aged 4 to 14 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's fruit and vegetable intake (not measured) · children aged 7 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's SSB intake (not measured) · children aged 7 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's total physical activity (not measured) · children aged 7 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's MVPA (not measured) · children aged 7 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary behavior change interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Adverse effects (not measured) · children aged 7 to 18 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Physical activity interventions with a caregiver component vs interventions without a caregiver component

Children's sodium intake (not measured) · children aged 3 to 11 years

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caregiver involvement in interventions for improving children's dietary intake and physical activity behaviors 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Absenteeism · children aged from birth to 14 years old

It is very uncertain whether rinse‐free hand wash changes absenteeism for any reason (within the study period) Calculated as:… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
rate ratio 0.91 [0.82, 1.01]
2 studies · 2 participants
Very low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Absenteeism due to any illness (within the study period) Calculated as: an incident rate per child‐days possible Length of time observed: range = 1 to 11 months · children aged from birth to 14 years old

It is very uncertain whether rinse‐free hand wash changes absenteeism due to any illness (within the study period) Calculated… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
rate ratio 0.82 [0.69, 0.97]
6 studies · 6 participants
Very low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Adverse skin reactions (within the study period) Calculated as: number of events Length of time observed: range = 5 to 8 months · children aged from birth to 14 years old

It is very uncertain whether rinse‐free hand wash changes adverse skin reactions (within the study period) Calculated as:… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.8, 1.32]
3 studies · 4365 participants
Very low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Absenteeism due to acute respiratory illness (within the study period) Calculated as: an incident rate per child‐days possible Length of time observed: range = 1 to 8 months · children aged from birth to 14 years old

It is very uncertain whether rinse‐free hand wash changes absenteeism due to acute respiratory illness (within the study… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
rate ratio 0.79 [0.68, 0.92]
6 studies · 6 participants
Very low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Absenteeism due to acute gastrointestinal illness (within the study period) Calculated as: an incident rate per child‐days possible Length of time observed: range = 1 to 8 months · children aged from birth to 14 years old

Rinse‐free hand wash may leads to lower absenteeism due to acute gastrointestinal illness (within the study… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
rate ratio 0.79 [0.73, 0.85]
4 studies · 4 participants
Low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Compliance · children aged from birth to 14 years old

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 10749 participants
Very low

Rinse‐free hand wash vs control

Perception of the hand hygiene strategy or satisfaction with the hand hygiene strategy · children aged from birth to 14 years old

1 finding from 1 review

Rinse‐free hand wash for reducing absenteeism among preschool and school children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1229 participants
Very low