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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
581 questions in 23 reviews · Implants and prosthodontics
current versionsNo studies 87 · 15%Ungraded 388 · 66.8%Very low 88 · 15.1%Low 10 · 1.7%Moderate 8 · 1.4%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Er:YAG laser debridement vs Manual debridement plus chlorhexidine irrigation/gel Change in probing attachment level (PAL) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No statistically significant differences for change in PAL. | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |
RDP with I-bar clasps / mesial rests vs RDP with circumferential clasps / distal rests Change in abutment tooth mobility at 60 months · Partially edentulous patients treated with a removable dental prosthesis (RDP) · 60 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | MD -0.01 [-0.12, 0.1] | 1 study · 80 participants | Ungraded |
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) vs Bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss) plus resorbable barrier Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | MD -1.4 [-1.99, -0.81] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Laser-welded titanium framework vs Cast gold framework Framework survival (5 years) · Patients with implant-supported FDPs; split-mouth, 5-year · 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | 95% (20/21) titanium and 100% cast gold frameworks surviving 5 years; could not calculate an estimate of relative risk from the data as presented; non-significant differences in maintenance visits and alveolar bone loss | 1 study · 21 participants | Ungraded |
Altered-cast technique RDP vs One-piece cast RDP Patient satisfaction · Partially edentulous patients treated with a distal-extension RDP Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | Patients were equally satisfied with the two types of RDP (narrative) | 1 study · 57 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser vs Air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow) Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | After 6 months there were no complications. | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Ultrasonic debridement Change in probing pocket depth · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 12 weeks Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | After 12 weeks there was no statistically significant difference in PPD changes. | 1 study · 27 participants | Ungraded |
Ketac-cem (glass ionomer) cement vs Zinc phosphate cement Post-operative hypersensitivity, tooth vitality, prosthesis retention and secondary caries · Patients receiving cemented FDPs; split-mouth Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | No difference in post-operative hypersensitivity, tooth vitality, prosthesis retention, and secondary caries; paired data not provided in the correct form; trial at high risk of bias (narrative) | 1 study | Ungraded |
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) vs Bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss) plus resorbable barrier Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No implant failure occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Tooth/implant FDP with rigid connectors vs Tooth/implant FDP with non-rigid connectors Prosthesis survival and crestal bone loss (5 years) · Patients with tooth/implant-supported FDPs; split-mouth · 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | No significant differences between the two types of connectors with regard to prosthesis survival or crestal bone loss at 5 years (narrative) | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Fixed dental prosthesis (cantilever FDP) vs Removable dental prosthesis (RDP) Prosthesis survival · Patients with a shortened dental arch (missing posterior teeth) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | HR 0.59 [0.27, 1.29] | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser vs Air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow) Recurrence of peri-implantitis · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | After 6 months no statistically significant difference for peri-implantitis recurrence; 11% of implants (five air-abrasive, six laser) had pus on probing. | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Flapless implant placement vs Conventional flap elevation Postoperative pain · Patients receiving dental implants Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | MD -1.1 [-2.02, -0.18] | 1 study · 80 participants | Ungraded |
Adjunctive local antibiotic (8.5% doxycycline hyclate, Atridox) added to manual debridement vs Manual debridement with chlorhexidine (no antibiotic) Change in probing attachment level (PAL) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 months (18 weeks) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | MD 0.61 [0.40, 0.82] | 1 study · 28 participants | Ungraded |
Adjunctive local antibiotic (8.5% doxycycline hyclate, Atridox) added to manual debridement vs Manual debridement with chlorhexidine (no antibiotic) Recurrence of peri-implantitis · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 months (18 weeks) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No recurrence of peri-implantitis occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 28 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser vs Air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow) Change in probing pocket depth · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | After 6 months no statistically significant difference between Er:YAG laser and air-abrasive device for PPD. | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser vs Air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow) Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | After 6 months there were no drop-outs, implant failures or complications. | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Flapless implant placement vs Conventional flap elevation Peri-implant marginal bone level change · Patients receiving dental implants Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | MD -0.05 [-0.25, 0.15] | 1 study · 78 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | All patients experienced flap exposure during healing, not associated with infective complications; one patient had a slight pigmentation of the peri-implant soft tissues. | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
Cemented implant crown vs Screw-retained implant crown Alveolar bone level · Patients with single-tooth implants receiving implant crowns; split-mouth · 4 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | Alveolar bone levels showed no significant differences between groups; insufficient information to estimate SDs (narrative) | 1 study · 12 participants | Ungraded |
Xenogeneic collagen matrix (porcine; Mucograft) vs Connective tissue autograft (palate) Keratinised mucosa height change · Patients with implant-supported prostheses and <=1 mm keratinised mucosa Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | MD 0.15 [-0.72, 1.02] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Ultrasonic debridement Recurrence of peri-implantitis · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 12 weeks Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No recurrence of peri-implantitis occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 27 participants | Ungraded |
Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Ultrasonic debridement Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 12 weeks Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No implant failures, complications or recurrence of peri-implantitis occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 27 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | Six months after treatment there were no implant failures. | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
Titanium RDP framework vs Chromium-cobalt RDP framework Framework fracture (2 years) · Partially edentulous patients treated with an RDP framework · 2 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | RR 3.32 [1.19, 9.23] | 1 study · 38 participants | Ungraded |
Crestal incision vs Vestibular incision Prosthesis failure · Patients receiving dental implants Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | RR 3.0 [0.15, 59.89] | 1 study · 10 participants | Ungraded |
Titanium framework FDP vs High-gold content alloy framework FDP Unacceptable restoration (poor marginal integrity / restoration removal) · Partially edentulous patients receiving tooth-supported FDPs Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | RR 10.23 [1.41, 74.44] | 1 study · 47 participants | Ungraded |
Adjunctive local antibiotic (8.5% doxycycline hyclate, Atridox) added to manual debridement vs Manual debridement with chlorhexidine (no antibiotic) Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 months (18 weeks) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No implant failures occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 28 participants | Ungraded |
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) vs Bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss) plus resorbable barrier Change in probing attachment level (PAL) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | MD -1.4 [-2.56, -0.24] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Xenogeneic collagen matrix (porcine; Mucograft) vs Connective tissue autograft (palate) Recession (aesthetics) · Patients with implant-supported prostheses and <=1 mm keratinised mucosa Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | MD -0.10 [-1.19, 0.99] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Air-abrasive / Vector system debridement vs Manual debridement (carbon fibre curettes) Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No complications occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 11 participants | Ungraded |
Metronidazole gel 25% (local antibiotic) vs Ultrasonic debridement Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 12 weeks Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No implant failures occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 27 participants | Ungraded |
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) vs Bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss) plus resorbable barrier Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No complication occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation Change in probing pocket depth (PPD reduction) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | Six months after treatment there were no statistically significant differences for PPD reduction. | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
Air-abrasive / Vector system debridement vs Manual debridement (carbon fibre curettes) Implant failure · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No implant failures occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 11 participants | Ungraded |
Air-abrasive / Vector system debridement vs Manual debridement (carbon fibre curettes) Recurrence of peri-implantitis · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No recurrence of peri-implantitis occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 11 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser surface debridement before bone augmentation vs Plastic curettes plus saline solution before bone augmentation Change in soft tissue recession (REC) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | Six months after treatment there were no statistically significant differences for soft tissue recessions. | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser debridement vs Manual debridement plus chlorhexidine irrigation/gel Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | Complications: risk ratio (totals not selected); one laser patient had a buccal keratinised mucosa perforation. | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |
Flapless implant placement vs Conventional flap elevation Patient preference · Patients receiving dental implants Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | RR 106.70 [20.97, 542.82] | 1 study · 80 participants | Ungraded |
Titanium framework FDP vs High-gold content alloy framework FDP 5-year prosthesis survival · Partially edentulous patients receiving tooth-supported FDPs · 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | 5-year prosthesis survival 84% (95% CI 0.79 to 0.89) titanium vs 98% (95% CI 0.96 to 1.00) high-gold alloy; statistically significant difference (P = 0.005) | 1 study · 47 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser debridement vs Manual debridement plus chlorhexidine irrigation/gel Recurrence of peri-implantitis · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.06] | 2 studies · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Er:YAG laser debridement vs Manual debridement plus chlorhexidine irrigation/gel Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No statistically significant differences for change in PPD. | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |
Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (Ostim) vs Bovine-derived xenograft (Bio-Oss) plus resorbable barrier Change in gingival recession (REC) · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | MD -0.10 [-0.51, 0.31] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Subepithelial connective tissue graft (palate) at implant placement vs No augmentation Soft tissue thickness change · Partially edentulous patients receiving posterior mandibular implants Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | MD -1.35 [-1.78, -0.92] | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |
Tooth/implant FDP with rigid connectors vs Tooth/implant FDP with non-rigid connectors Natural tooth intrusion · Patients with tooth/implant-supported FDPs; split-mouth · 5 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | Intrusion occurred in 44% of FDPs with rigid connectors and 66% with non-rigid connectors (average 0.18 mm and 0.28 mm respectively) | 1 study · 42 participants | Ungraded |
Fixed partial denture supported by root-formed implants and remaining teeth (tooth/implant-supported) vs Fixed partial denture supported only by root-formed implants (implant-supported) Prosthesis success (10 years) · Partially edentulous patients (mandible) receiving FDPs; split-mouth, 10-year · 10 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | 10-year success 85% (17/20) tooth/implant-supported versus 80% (16/20) implant-supported FDPs; not statistically significant; data not available in paired form | 1 study · 23 participants | Ungraded |
Air-abrasive / Vector system debridement vs Manual debridement (carbon fibre curettes) Radiographic marginal bone level · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 6 months Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No statistically significant difference for marginal bone levels; data not usable. | 1 study · 11 participants | Ungraded |
Fixed dental prosthesis (cantilever FDP) vs Removable dental prosthesis (RDP) Caries incidence (2 years) · Patients with a shortened dental arch (missing posterior teeth) · 2 years Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.43 [0.21, 0.87] | 1 study · 50 participants | Ungraded |
Adjunctive local antibiotic (8.5% doxycycline hyclate, Atridox) added to manual debridement vs Manual debridement with chlorhexidine (no antibiotic) Complications and side effects · People with at least one dental implant affected by peri-implantitis · 4 months (18 weeks) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of peri‐implantitis (2012) · Cochrane | No complications occurred in any of the groups. | 1 study · 28 participants | Ungraded |
Erbium:YAG laser (implant exposure) vs Flap elevation at implant exposure Biological complications · Patients undergoing implant exposure (second-stage surgery) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants (2012) · Cochrane | RR 3.0 [0.14, 65.90] | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |