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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

146 questions · 165 findings · 22 reviews

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No studies found 1 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 138 · 83.6%Very low 8 · 4.8%Low 11 · 6.7%Moderate 6 · 3.6%High 1 · 0.6%

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Hip/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) · children

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in hip, Healthy children: SMD 0.06 (95% CI -0.18 to 0.29), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D compounds (supplementation) vs placebo or control

Bone pain · Adults with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone pain: RR 0.29 (95% CI 0.03 to 2.63), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Bone mineral density · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density, Community-dwelling adults: WMD -0.9 (95% CI -2.10 to 0.40), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Insulin resistance · Adults with diabetes

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Insulin resistance (Diabetes): SMD 0.16 (95% CI -0.11 to 0.42), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review