Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

374 questions · 377 findings · 63 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 88 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 32 · 8.5%Very low 92 · 24.4%Low 103 · 27.3%Moderate 50 · 13.3%High 12 · 3.2%

Summary of findings table ‐ Planned hospital birth vs Planned home birth

Baby not breastfed · Pregnant women at low risk of complications

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Planned hospital birth changes baby not breastfed compared with planned home birth (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Additional support vs usual care

Satisfaction with pregnancy care Pregnancy care rated as "very helpful" · women at increased risk of low birthweight babies (maternal outcomes)

Additional support probably leads to higher satisfaction with pregnancy care Pregnancy care rated as "very… compared with usual care during pregnancy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Additional support vs usual care

Death of a baby (stillbirth or neonatal death) report of perinatal death · women at increased risk of low birthweight babies (maternal outcomes)

Additional support showed no clear difference in stillbirth/neonatal death compared with usual care during pregnancy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Additional support vs usual care

Number of antenatal hospital admissions · women at increased risk of low birthweight babies (maternal outcomes)

Additional support probably leads to lower antenatal hospital admissions Number of admissions per woman compared with usual care during pregnancy (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Additional support vs usual care

Postnatal depression · women at increased risk of low birthweight babies (maternal outcomes)

Additional support showed no clear difference in postnatal depression Self‐reported compared with usual care during pregnancy (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis vs no treatment

Incidence of episiotomy wound dehiscence without wound infection · women with episiotomy repair following vaginal birth

It is very uncertain whether antibiotic prophylaxis changes incidence of episiotomy wound dehiscence without wound infection compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reduced number of antenatal care visits/goal‐oriented vs standard antenatal care visits

Maternal death · Pregnant women at low risk of complications

Reduced number of antenatal care visits/goal‐oriented showed no clear difference in maternal death compared with standard antenatal care visits (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reduced number of antenatal care visits/goal‐oriented vs standard antenatal care visits

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including pre‐eclampsia) · Pregnant women at low risk of complications

Reduced number of antenatal care visits/goal‐oriented showed no clear difference in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including pre‐eclampsia) compared with standard antenatal care visits (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review