Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

300 questions · 309 findings · 25 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 53 · 17.2%GRADE not reported 11 · 3.6%Very low 41 · 13.3%Low 94 · 30.4%Moderate 80 · 25.9%High 30 · 9.7%

self‐management of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Minor haemorrhage · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

self‐management of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in minor haemorrhage compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.47, 1.76]
7 studies · 1862 participants
Low

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.71, 1.01]
11 studies · 6358 participants
Moderate

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Major bleeding · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in major haemorrhage compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.8, 1.12]
20 studies · 8018 participants
Moderate

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Minor haemorrhage · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring or self‐management of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in minor haemorrhage compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.67, 1.41]
13 studies · 5365 participants
Low

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Thromboembolic events · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation probably leads to lower thromboembolic events compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.69 [0.49, 0.97]
7 studies · 4097 participants
Moderate

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.78, 1.15]
3 studies · 3300 participants
Moderate

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Major bleeding · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in major haemorrhage compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.74, 1.09]
7 studies · 4038 participants
Low

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Minor haemorrhage · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

Self‐monitoring of oral anticoagulation showed no clear difference in minor haemorrhage compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.16 [0.95, 1.42]
6 studies · 3503 participants
Moderate

self‐management of oral anticoagulation vs usual care

Thromboembolic events · Patients on long‐term anticoagulant therapy (treatment duration longer than two months) irrespective of the indication for treatment

self‐management of oral anticoagulation probably leads to lower thromboembolic events compared with standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.47 [0.31, 0.7]
11 studies · 3497 participants
Moderate

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

Recurrent VTE · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs showed no clear difference in recurrent VTE (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.17 [0.83, 1.65]
3 studies · 5994 participants
Moderate

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

Non‐fatal PE (3 to 12 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in non‐fatal PE (3 to 12 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.93 [0.68, 1.27]
7 studies · 15166 participants
Moderate

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

All‐cause mortality (3 to 6 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (3 to 6 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.87 [0.67, 1.14]
9 studies · 10770 participants
Moderate

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

Major bleeding · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral factor Xa inhibitors leads to lower major bleeding (3 to 12 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.63 [0.45, 0.89]
17 studies · 18066 participants
High

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

Recurrent DVT (3 to 12 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs showed no clear difference in recurrent DVT (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.11 [0.74, 1.66]
3 studies · 5994 participants
Moderate

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

Fatal PE (3 to 12 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs showed no clear difference in fatal PE (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.32 [0.29, 6.02]
3 studies · 5994 participants
Moderate

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

Non‐fatal PE (3 to 12 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs showed no clear difference in non‐fatal PE (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.29 [0.64, 2.59]
3 studies · 5994 participants
Moderate

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

All‐cause mortality (7 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.66 [0.41, 1.08]
1 study · 2489 participants
Moderate

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) vs conventional anticoagulation

Major bleeding · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral DTIs leads to lower major bleeding (7 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.58 [0.38, 0.89]
3 studies · 5994 participants
High

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

Recurrent VTE · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in recurrent VTE (3 to 12 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.85 [0.71, 1.01]
13 studies · 17505 participants
Moderate

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

Recurrent DVT (3 to 12 months) · participants with diagnosed DVT

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in recurrent DVT (3 to 12 months) compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral direct thrombin inhibitors or oral factor Xa inhibitors versus conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.7 [0.49, 1.01]
9 studies · 16439 participants
Moderate