Gastrointestinal adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal adverse events compared with no topical prophylaxis (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Allergic adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
It is very uncertain whether topical prophylaxis changes allergic adverse events compared with no topical prophylaxis (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Respiratory infections · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical plus systemic prophylaxis probably leads to lower respiratory tract infections compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dropouts due to adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in dropouts due to adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Gastrointestinal adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Allergic adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in allergic adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall mortality · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality compared with no topical prophylaxis (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus systemic prophylaxis alone · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality ‐ topical plus systemic prophylaxis versus… compared with no topical prophylaxis (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall mortality ‐ topical prophylaxis versus placebo or no treatment · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical prophylaxis showed no clear difference in overall mortality ‐ topical prophylaxis versus placebo or no treatment compared with no topical prophylaxis (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
It is very uncertain whether cefepime changes all‐cause mortality Maximum compared with ceftazidime (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality (pneumonia-associated) · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐serious adverse events Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Serious adverse events maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
It is very uncertain whether cefepime changes serious adverse events Maximum compared with ceftazidime (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
It is very uncertain whether cefepime changes treatment failure Maximum compared with ceftazidime (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Health‐related quality of life Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality (pneumonia-associated) · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐serious adverse events Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
All‐cause mortality maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Serious adverse events maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found