Adverse effects · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Dentine caries in permanent molars (24 months) · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Inconsistent effect (differences in products, comparisons, outcomes, outcome reporting times, background fluoride and age groups); 21 trials (3883 participants randomised); very low quality
21 studies · 3883 participants
Very low
Dentine caries in permanent molars (24 months) · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Development of carious lesions on sealed occlusal pits and fissures
The intervention led to lower development of carious lesions on sealed occlusal pits and fissures; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RD -0.07 [-0.14, -0.01]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Dental caries: dmfs increment (primary teeth) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
Fluoride mouthrinse (any fluoride agent, concentration, volume,… showed no clear difference in proportion of children developing one or more new caries compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Mucosal irritation / oral soft tissue allergic reaction (signs of sensitivity) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review
One trial (Rugg-Gunn 1973) reported incompletely on oral soft tissue irritation/signs of sensitivity (allergic reaction): "no cases of mucosal hypersensitivity after periodical examinations of every subject". 434…
1 study · 434 participants
Very low
Signs of acute toxicity during gel application (nausea, gagging, vomiting) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Unacceptability of treatment (drop-outs / leaving study early) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
It is very uncertain whether fluoride mouthrinse (any fluoride agent, concentration, volume,… changes unacceptability of treatment as measured by leaving study early… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children not remaining caries-free · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Tooth staining/discolouration (adverse effect) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Children (permanent teeth; baseline 8 to 10 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Children with permanent teeth (schoolchildren)
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries in adults · adults
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Chlorhexidine oral product (one formulation/concentration) vs Another chlorhexidine formulation, concentration or application frequency
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Adverse events · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
1 finding from 1 review
Dental fluorosis of aesthetic concern (Dean's Index, TFI, TSIF) · Populations of all ages (mostly children) exposed to drinking water with differing fluoride concentrations
Higher water fluoride concentration (fluoridated water; natural or… may leads to higher dental fluorosis of aesthetic concern (Dean's Index, TFI, TSIF) compared with lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of infants with a caries increment · Infants/young children (primary teeth; baseline about 1 to 3 years)
Xylitol sucking tablets (1 g/day) showed no clear difference in number of infants with a caries increment compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment (DFS) · adults
1 finding from 1 review
Caries development in permanent teeth · People of all ages in a community setting; the included caries studies were all in children aged 3 to 16 years
Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) may leads to lower caries in permanent teeth (change in DMFT) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review