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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,320 questions · 4,561 findings · 388 reviews

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No studies found 1,138 · 25%GRADE not reported 886 · 19.4%Very low 1,014 · 22.2%Low 849 · 18.6%Moderate 543 · 11.9%High 131 · 2.9%

Summary of findings table ‐ Calaspargase (11 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) vs PEG‐asparaginase (16 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV)

Asparaginase‐associated toxicity · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Calaspargase (11 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) showed no clear difference in asparaginase‐associated toxicity compared with PEG‐asparaginase (16 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment (8 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) vs continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM)

Hypersensitivity · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment… showed no clear difference in hypersensitivity compared with continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment (8 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) vs continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM)

Pancreatitis · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment… probably leads to lower pancreatitis compared with continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment (8 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) vs continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM)

Thromboembolism · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment… showed no clear difference in thromboembolism compared with continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment (8 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) vs continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM)

Osteonecrosis · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment… showed no clear difference in osteonecrosis compared with continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment (8 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) vs continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM)

Asparaginase‐associated toxicity · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Intermittent PEG‐asparaginase treatment… probably leads to lower asparaginase‐associated toxicity compared with continuous PEG‐asparaginase treatment (15 doses, 1000 IU/m2, IM) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐risk with additional PEG‐asp (6 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) vs low‐risk standard (2 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV)

Overall survival · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐risk with additional PEG‐asp (6… showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with low‐risk standard (2 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐risk with additional PEG‐asp (6 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) vs low‐risk standard (2 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV)

Event‐free survival · children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with first‐line ALL

Summary of findings table ‐ Low‐risk with additional PEG‐asp (6… showed no clear difference in event‐free survival compared with low‐risk standard (2 doses, 2500 IU/m2, IV) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT interventions (CBT with and without exercise) vs control (standard care or sham treatments)

Falls · older adults (mean age minus 1 standard deviation is more than 60 years)

It is very uncertain whether CBT interventions (CBT with and without exercise) changes occurrence of falls compared with control (standard care or sham treatments) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ventilation tubes vs no treatment

Hearing ‐ return to normal *Ventilation tubes versus laser myringotomy (6 to 12 months ‐ medium‐term) Adjusted for non‐independence of within‐individual measurements Assumed ICC of 0.5 № of participants: 132 (2 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME)

It is very uncertain whether ventilation tubes changes hearing ‐ return to normal hearing Randomised by ear: normal defined… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ventilation tubes vs myringotomy

Hearing ‐ return to normal *Ventilation tubes versus laser myringotomy (6 to 12 months ‐ medium‐term) Adjusted for non‐independence of within‐individual measurements Assumed ICC of 0.5 № of participants: 132 (2 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME)

It is very uncertain whether ventilation tubes changes hearing ‐ return to normal *Ventilation tubes versus laser… compared with myringotomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review