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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
793 questions in 32 reviews · Periodontology
current versionsNo studies 148 · 18.7%Ungraded 429 · 54.1%Very low 137 · 17.3%Low 53 · 6.7%Moderate 14 · 1.8%High 12 · 1.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Metronidazole + SRP vs Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | All three included trials (Matarazzo 2008; Silva 2011; Xajigeorgiou 2006) reported adverse events in both MTZ + SRP and AMOX + MTZ + SRP groups (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, metallic taste, irritability, mild… | 3 studies · 84 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs Clarithromycin + SRP Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Two patients were reported to have vomiting and unbearable stomach pain in the AMOX + MTZ + SRP group (Araujo 2019). | 1 study | Ungraded |
Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Azithromycin + SRP vs SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -1.28 [-4.32, 1.76] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Very low |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.21 [-0.41, -0.01] | 13 studies · 501 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs Metronidazole + SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.10 [-0.79, 0.59] | 1 study · 26 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -13.90 [-24.16, -3.64] | 1 study · 44 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -1.80 [-2.47, -1.13] | 1 study · 21 participants | Very low |
Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | The included trial (Ardila 2015) had no adverse events amongst the participants. | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Azithromycin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.59 [-1.27, 0.08] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Very low |
Doxycycline + SRP vs SRP Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Doxycycline + SRP vs Metronidazole + SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.30 [-0.42, -0.18] | 2 studies · 389 participants | Very low |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs Clarithromycin + SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.10 [-0.26, 0.06] | 1 study · 46 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -5.32 [-12.02, 1.37] | 5 studies · 172 participants | Ungraded |
Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Both included trials reported adverse events in the clarithromycin + SRP group: unpalatable taste and mild gastric intolerance in 2 patients (Pradeep 2011); mild gastrointestinal discomfort in 2 patients (Rebelatto… | NR | Ungraded |
Levofloxacin + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Both included trials (Pradeep 2014; Pradeep 2015) reported dizziness and diarrhoea in the levofloxacin + SRP group. | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -7.00 [-23.57, 9.57] | 1 study · 22 participants | Ungraded |
Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.42 [-0.74, -0.10] | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD 0.40 [-0.35, 1.15] | 1 study · 21 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Cefixime + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with chronic periodontitis Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | The only included trial (Dukic 2016) reported nausea, dizziness and/or anorexia in the cefixime + SRP group. | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -1.10 [-1.94, -0.26] | 1 study · 21 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs Doxycycline + SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD 0.20 [-0.36, 0.76] | 1 study · 23 participants | Ungraded |
Azithromycin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.60 [-1.02, -0.18] | 7 studies · 258 participants | Ungraded |
Cefixime + SRP vs SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.48 [-0.60, -0.37] | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs Metronidazole + SRP Antimicrobial resistance · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD 0.10 [-0.55, 0.75] | 1 study · 21 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP Antimicrobial resistance · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.67 [-1.01, -0.33] | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -16.20 [-25.87, -6.53] | 1 study · 44 participants | Very low |
Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.59 [-1.17, -0.01] | 2 studies · 77 participants | Ungraded |
Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP Probing pocket depth · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.53 [-1.14, 0.08] | 1 study · 38 participants | Ungraded |
Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.92 [-2.38, 0.54] | 2 studies · 64 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP Percentage of closed pockets · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Doxycycline + SRP vs SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.01 [-0.21, 0.19] | 1 study · 21 participants | Ungraded |
Doxycycline + SRP vs Metronidazole + SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD 1.10 [0.36, 1.84] | 1 study · 27 participants | Very low |
Metronidazole + SRP vs Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.07 [-0.40, 0.26] | 3 studies · 84 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs Clarithromycin + SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD 4.00 [-1.09, 9.09] | 1 study · 46 participants | Ungraded |
Clindamycin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -1.70 [-2.40, -1.00] | 1 study · 21 participants | Very low |
Azithromycin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.43 [-0.77, -0.10] | 7 studies · 258 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs Tetracycline + SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -1.60 [-14.03, 10.83] | 1 study · 8 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + clavulanate + SRP vs SRP Patient-reported quality of life changes · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Clarithromycin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.64 [-1.26, -0.03] | 2 studies · 77 participants | Ungraded |
Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | No severe adverse effects were reported by any of the participants in 1 study. 2 studies have not reported adverse events. | 3 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Short-term (≤ 3 months) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -9.00 [-16.59, -1.40] | 4 studies · 108 participants | Ungraded |
Amoxicillin + metronidazole + SRP vs SRP Antimicrobial resistance · Adults with periodontitis (chronic and aggressive) · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included studies have not reported this outcome | NR | No studies |
Tetracycline + SRP vs SRP Adverse events · Adults with aggressive periodontitis · Long-term (≥ 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | Included study has not reported adverse events | NR | No studies |
Moxifloxacin + SRP vs SRP Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults with chronic periodontitis · Intermediate-term (> 3 months to < 1 year) Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non‐surgical treatment of periodontitis (2020) · Cochrane | MD -0.63 [-0.95, -0.31] | 1 study · 40 participants | Ungraded |