Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,590 questions in 129 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 17.7%Ungraded 74 · 4.7%Very low 410 · 25.8%Low 420 · 26.4%Moderate 280 · 17.6%High 125 · 7.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Mortality · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.94 [0.64, 1.38] | 3 studies · 1440 participants | Moderate |
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Pulmonary embolism · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.48 [0.24, 0.98] | 3 studies · 1440 participants | Moderate |
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Symptomatic deep vein thrombosis · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.61 [0.31, 1.21] | 3 studies · 1440 participants | Moderate |
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Major bleeding · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.65 [0.72, 3.8] | 3 studies · 1440 participants | Moderate |
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Minor bleeding · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3.58 [0.55, 23.44] | 3 studies · 1440 participants | Low |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Mortality at 6 months: main analysis · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.77, 1.13] | 3 studies · 946 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Mortality · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.87, 1.03] | 5 studies · 1281 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Pulmonary embolism · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.07, 16.58] | 1 study · 311 participants | Very low |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Symptomatic deep vein thrombosis · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.08 [0.01, 1.42] | 1 study · 311 participants | Very low |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Major bleeding · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.93 [1.86, 4.62] | 5 studies · 1281 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Minor bleeding · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 3.14 [1.85, 5.32] | 4 studies · 863 participants | Moderate |
Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Quality of life ‐ not reported · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis Outcome: · ambulatory people with cancer without venous thromboembolism receiving systemic therapy Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Outcomes · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Mortality · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.86, 1.81] | 1 study · 477 participants | Low |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Recurrent VTE · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.56, 1.54] | 1 study · 477 participants | Low |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Major bleeding · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.4, 1.66] | 1 study · 477 participants | Low |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Minor bleeding · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [0.88, 2.66] | 1 study · 477 participants | Moderate |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Quality of life ‐ not reported · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Postphlebitic syndrome ‐ not reported · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Thrombocytopenia ‐ not reported · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Outcomes · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Mortality · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.86 [0.43, 1.73] | 1 study · 113 participants | Low |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Recurrent VTE · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.44 [0.09, 2.16] | 1 study · 113 participants | Low |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Mortality · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.4, 1.1] | 5 studies · 418 participants | Low |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Major bleeding · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 2.19 [0.2, 23.42] | 1 study · 113 participants | Low |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Minor bleeding · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.3, 2.21] | 1 study · 113 participants | Low |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Quality of life ‐ not reported · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Postphlebitic syndrome ‐ not reported · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Dalteparin vs tinzaparin Thrombocytopenia ‐ not reported · initial treatment in people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Recurrent VTE · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.27, 1.76] | 3 studies · 422 participants | Low |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Major bleeding ‐ not reported · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Minor bleeding ‐ not reported · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Quality of life ‐ not reported · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Postphlebitic syndrome ‐ not reported · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Low molecular weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin Thrombocytopenia ‐ not reported · people with cancer with venous thromboembolism (VTE) Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Fondaparinux vs heparin Outcomes · people with cancer with VTE Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Anxiety · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 17 studies · 1381 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Mood · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Pain · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Fatigue · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Quality of Life · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Hope · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Depression · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 12 studies · 1021 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Mood · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 221 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Hope Score · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 53 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Pain · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 12 studies · 632 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Fatigue · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 498 participants | Low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Quality of Life · adult cancer patients (≥ 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 573 participants | Very low |
Music intervention plus standard care vs standard care alone Anxiety (STAI) The score: 20 to 80. A lower score represents less anxiety. · pediatric cancer patients (< 18 years) Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in people with cancer (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 79 participants | Very low |