Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

306 questions · 324 findings · 26 reviews

No studies found 59 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 30 · 9.3%Very low 91 · 28.1%Low 62 · 19.1%Moderate 78 · 24.1%High 4 · 1.2%

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) vs risperidone and previous ASM only

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) showed no clear difference in proportion of people achieving 50% or greater reduction in monthly… compared with risperidone and previous ASM only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) vs risperidone and previous ASM only

Adverse drug events · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) showed no clear difference in proportion of people experiencing adverse drug events compared with risperidone and previous ASM only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) vs risperidone and previous ASM only

Proportion of individuals withdrawing from treatment · people with ADHD and epilepsy

Omega‐3 (with risperidone and previous ASM) showed no clear difference in proportion of individuals withdrawing from treatment compared with risperidone and previous ASM only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + SULPIRIDE (Kong 2001)

Clinical response: no clinically significant response in mental state: 20% to 50% reduction in PANSS total score · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE changes clinical response: no clinically significant response in mental… compared with CLOZAPINE + SULPIRIDE (Kong 2001) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + SULPIRIDE (Kong 2001)

Quality of life/satisfaction with care for either recipients of care or carers: significant change in quality of life/satisfaction · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + ZIPRASIDONE (Kuwilsky 2010)

Clinical response: no clinically significant response in mental state · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE changes clinical response: no clinically significant response in mental… compared with CLOZAPINE + ZIPRASIDONE (Kuwilsky 2010) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE vs CLOZAPINE + ZIPRASIDONE (Kuwilsky 2010)

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether CLOZAPINE + RISPERIDONE changes leaving the study early: acceptability of treatment ‐ as measured by… compared with CLOZAPINE + ZIPRASIDONE (Kuwilsky 2010) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review