Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

153 questions · 212 findings · 18 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 25 · 11.8%GRADE not reported 151 · 71.2%Very low 20 · 9.4%Low 10 · 4.7%Moderate 2 · 0.9%High 4 · 1.9%

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Infectious complications · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… may leads to lower postsurgical infectious complications compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Swelling (7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes swelling (7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes pain (continuous, VAS 0-10 cm, 7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Pain (dichotomous, present/absent on 6th-7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes presence of pain (dichotomous, yes/no on 6th-7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Adverse effects · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Trismus (dichotomous, 7th day) · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes trismus (dichotomous, 7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs Placebo

Outcome not reported · Immunosuppressed / immunocompromised patients (e.g. HIV infection, AIDS, diabetes, transplants) undergoing tooth extraction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Fever · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes fever (6th-7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs Placebo

Outcome not reported · Patients undergoing tooth extraction for severe dental caries or periodontal disease in general dental practice (non-third-molar / decayed…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • No studies in general dental practice for removal of decayed teeth. PUB3 added one routine intra-alveolar extraction trial and one complex oral surgery trial (2 of 23 non-third-molar), but the single intra-alveolar…
    0 studies
    No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Adverse events · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Time to feeding after surgery · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower time to feeding after surgery (in minutes) compared with intravenous analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review