Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

137 questions · 148 findings · 7 reviews · Anaesthesia

No studies found 44 · 29.7%GRADE not reported 19 · 12.8%Very low 32 · 21.6%Low 38 · 25.7%Moderate 14 · 9.5%High 1 · 0.7%

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine changes speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain on injection (solution deposition), Heft-Parker VAS 0-170 mm · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine showed no clear difference in adverse effects: pain on injection (solution deposition),… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine plain vs 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

Speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine plain changes speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine probably leads to higher adverse effects: pain following injection, Heft-Parker VAS 0-170 mm compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine may leads to higher duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

Duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia vs conventional pain control

Persistent pain 3 to 18 months after thoracotomy (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient interview between 3 to 18 m... · Patients undergoing thoracotomy

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia probably leads to lower persistent pain 3 to 18 months after thoracotomy (We defined… compared with conventional pain control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional anaesthesia vs conventional pain control

Persistent pain 3 to 12 months after breast cancer surgery (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient interview between... · women with breast cancer undergoing elective surgery

Regional anaesthesia may leads to lower persistent pain 3 to 12 months after breast cancer surgery (We… compared with conventional pain control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Persistent pain 3 to 8 months after caesarean section (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient interview between 3 to... · women after caesarean section

The intervention probably leads to lower persistent pain 3 to 8 months after caesarean section (We defined… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Persistent pain 3 to 55 months after iliac crest bone graft harvesting (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient inter... · people after iliac crest bone graft harvesting

The intervention showed no clear difference in persistent pain 3 to 55 months after iliac crest bone graft… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Persistent pain 3 to 6 months after breast cancer surgery (We defined persistent postsurgical pain as new pain that did not exist before the operation, measured using differences in scores based on validated pain scales; patient interview between ... · women with breast cancer undergoing elective surgery

The intervention probably leads to lower persistent pain 3 to 6 months after breast cancer surgery (We… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review