Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

182 questions · 189 findings · 24 reviews · Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care

No studies found 20 · 10.6%GRADE not reported 3 · 1.6%Very low 54 · 28.6%Low 62 · 32.8%Moderate 43 · 22.8%High 7 · 3.7%

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawalfin the medium termb compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Serious adverse eventsg · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in serious adverse eventsg compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Adverse events · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether methylnaltrexone lower dose changes laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel… compared with higher dose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel statusgat… compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in symptoms of opioid withdrawal in the medium term compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower‐dose methylnaltrexone vs higher dose

Adverse events · people receiving palliative care irrespective of whether they had cancer with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Methylnaltrexone lower dose showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with higher dose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the short terma · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements in the medium termb · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

Low dose naldemedine may leads to lower laxation response: risk of spontaneous rescue‐free bowel movements… compared with higher doses (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low dose naldemedine vs higher dose

Laxation response: patient assessment of change in bowel status at the end of trial · people with cancer irrespective of whether receiving palliative care and with opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Incidence of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐severe local reaction10 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

The intervention probably leads to lower non‐severe local reaction10 (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fever14 · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP‐Hib vaccine

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fever14 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Incidence of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (not measured) · infants aged approximately 2 to 6 months undergoing vaccination in the anterolateral thigh with a DTwP combination vaccine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review