Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

134 questions · 135 findings · 16 reviews

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No studies found 29 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 11 · 8.1%Very low 37 · 27.4%Low 50 · 37%Moderate 8 · 5.9%High 0 · 0%

Alkylating agents vs cyclosporin

Adverse events: hypertension · SSNS in children

It is very uncertain whether alkylating agents changes adverse effects: hypertension compared with cyclosporin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.33 [0.01, 7.72]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Alkylating agents vs cyclosporin

Adverse effects: leucopenia · SSNS in children

It is very uncertain whether alkylating agents changes adverse effects: leucopenia compared with cyclosporin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 29.84 [1.84, 483.93]
1 study · 66 participants
Very low

Tacrolimus vs cyclosporin

Complete remission (no further aphthous episodes to 6 months) · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in treatment response at 6 months: complete remission compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.64, 2.03]
1 study · 41 participants
Low

Tacrolimus vs cyclosporin

Complete or partial remission · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in treatment response at 6 months: complete and partial remission compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.16, 2.08]
1 study · 41 participants
Low
Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.87, 1.25]
2 studies · 58 participants
Low

Tacrolimus vs cyclosporin

Complete remission · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in treatment response at 12 months: complete remission compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.45, 1.42]
2 studies · 58 participants
Low

Tacrolimus vs cyclosporin

Adverse events: persistent nephrotoxicity · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in adverse events: persistent nephrotoxicity compared with cyclosporin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.48 [0.05, 4.85]
1 study · 41 participants
Low

Tacrolimus vs cyclosporin

Adverse events: worsening of hypertension · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 58 participants
Low

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Tear film stability · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Artificial tear use · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Adverse events · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Symptomatic improvement · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Ocular surface staining · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: punctal plugs vs cyclosporine A

Aqueous tear production · adults with dry eye syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Azathioprine vs cyclosporin of remission

Failure to maintain remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes failure to maintain remission compared with cyclosporin of remission (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine and 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.33, 1.92]
1 study · 16 participants
Very low