Interferon + chemotherapy may leads to higher progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).
Interferon + chemotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse event (flu‐like symptoms) compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).
Interferon + chemotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse event (fatigue) compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).
Interferon + chemotherapy showed no clear difference in adverse event (neurotoxicity) compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).
Chemotherapy + bevacizumab leads to lower overall survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).
Chemotherapy + bevacizumab leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).
Chemotherapy + bevacizumab leads to higher overall tumour response compared with chemotherapy (high certainty).
Chemotherapy + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in severe adverse effects compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) showed no clear difference in overall survival ( compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (high certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival ( compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (moderate certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) probably leads to lower surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ stoma… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (moderate certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) probably leads to lower surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ bowel… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (moderate certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) probably leads to lower surgically‐related severe adverse effects (grade 3+) ‐ postoperative… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (moderate certainty).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgery (NACT) leads to lower surgically‐related postoperative mortality (28 days to 6 months of… compared with surgery followed by chemotherapy (PDS) (high certainty).
It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: serious haemorrhage compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: serious thromboembolic events compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether cediranib plus chemotherapy changes specific adverse events: serioushypertension compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (very low certainty).
Cediranib plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with placebo plus chemotherapy (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.