Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

129 questions · 129 findings · 8 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 32 · 24.8%GRADE not reported 5 · 3.9%Very low 63 · 48.8%Low 27 · 20.9%Moderate 2 · 1.6%High 0 · 0%

Smooth pins vs fixed angle plates

Unplanned return to theatreg · older adults (> 60 years of age) with intracapsular hip fractures; most fractures in the included studies were displaced

It is very uncertain whether smooth pins changes unplanned return to theatree compared with fixed angle plates (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramedullary fixation vs open reduction and internal fixation with plate

Function (overall) Various tools · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

Intramedullary fixation may leads to higher function or disability (overall) Various tools (Constant score and… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramedullary fixation vs open reduction and internal fixation with plate

Pain ‐ using the section of Constant score Scale from 0 to 15; with 15 being the best positive score · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes pain ‐ using the section of Constant score Scale from 0 to 15; with… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramedullary fixation vs open reduction and internal fixation with plate

Treatment failure (participants who have a non‐routine secondary surgical intervention) ‐ Overall treatment failure · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes treatment failure (participants who have a non‐routine secondary… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramedullary fixation vs open reduction and internal fixation with plate

Clinical healing ‐ time to clinical/radiographic fracture consolidation (weeks) · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes clinical healing ‐ time to clinical/radiographic fracture… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intramedullary fixation vs open reduction and internal fixation with plate

Adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (various: mainly infection; cosmetic result ‐ e.g. prominent metalwork ‐ and symptomatic hardware) · adults (aged ≥ 16 years) with acute middle third clavicle fractures

It is very uncertain whether intramedullary fixation changes adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (various: mainly infection;… compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review