Decayed or filled primary tooth surfaces at 5 years · Pregnant women (for preventing dental caries in the primary teeth of their children)
It is very uncertain whether fluoride supplementation (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) changes decayed or filled primary tooth surfaces at 5 years compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in proportion of caries-free children (deciduous or permanent teeth) · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children not remaining caries-free · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth (younger children)
Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any… showed no clear difference in proportion of children not remaining caries-free compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries in permanent teeth · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)
1 finding from 1 review
Insufficient evidence to determine the effect of the cessation of water fluoridation on caries. One study (Maupome 2001), at high risk of bias, over 3 years found no increase in caries in the fluoride-ended group…
1 study · 9249 participants
Very low
Disparities in caries across socioeconomic status (SES) · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · People of all ages in a previously fluoridated community (Maupome 2001: children with generally low caries experience)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment on permanent tooth surfaces (DMFS, approximal surfaces) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
1 finding from 1 review
Amount of analgesia · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
None of the prophylactic aciclovir versus placebo trials reported on amount of analgesia. For prevention or treatment, no trials reported on duration of hospital stay, amount of analgesia or patient quality of life.
0 studies
No studies found
Patient quality of life · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
None of the prophylactic aciclovir versus placebo trials reported on patient quality of life. For prevention or treatment, no trials reported on duration of hospital stay, amount of analgesia or patient quality of life.
0 studies
No studies found
Viral isolates (HSV isolates identified, with or without clinical symptoms) · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
Prophylactic aciclovir (oral or intravenous) led to lower viral isolates (HSV isolates identified, with or without clinical… compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Length of hospital stay · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of lesions · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Cost of oral care · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
1 finding from 1 review
Only one trial reported on the cost of prophylaxis for HSV (Liesveld 2002). The reported mean pharmacy costs for those randomised to receive aciclovir were $1080 compared to $320 for those initially randomised to…
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse effects · Patients being treated for cancer (predominantly haematological malignancies)
1 finding from 1 review
Future caries · Children without a previous history of caries
Veillonella spp. predicted future caries among children without a caries history, but no quantitative effect estimate was reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Among children without a previous history of caries, Veillonella spp., but not S. mutans or other acid-producing species, predicted future caries.
1 study · NA (subgroup without prior caries history; n not reported) participants
GRADE not reported
Streptococcus mutans colonization reduction (narrative; no CFU data reported) · Animal caries models (mice, rats, hamsters) challenged/colonized with Streptococcus mutans; one transgenic-plant antigen-expression system
Anticaries vaccines produced a sustained reduction in Streptococcus mutans colonization on teeth in animal models (ungraded narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Relative abundance of S. mutans in saliva · Individuals assessed for dental caries, predominantly children with early childhood caries (ECC) or severe ECC (age about 1 to 4 years)
A few small studies report Streptococcus mutans relative abundance in caries versus caries-free children without pooling; the evidence is ungraded and not meta-analyzed.
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration failure · Permanent posterior teeth (molars/premolars) receiving direct restoration
There was no statistically significant difference in failure risk between composite resin and amalgam restorations in permanent posterior teeth (pooled RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.34; 13 studies; not GRADE-rated, with very high heterogeneity, I2 = 97%).
1 finding from 1 review
Salivary / secretory IgA (SIgA) antibody response (immunogenicity) · Animal caries models (mice, rats, hamsters) challenged/colonized with Streptococcus mutans; one transgenic-plant antigen-expression system
Anticaries vaccines, particularly via mucosal (intranasal) routes, elicited increased salivary/secretory IgA responses in the animal studies (ungraded narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported