Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,773 questions · 1,817 findings · 212 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 383 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 192 · 10.6%Very low 472 · 26%Low 444 · 24.4%Moderate 228 · 12.5%High 98 · 5.4%

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Cerebrovascular events (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in cerebrovascular events (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

It is very uncertain whether perioperative beta‐blockers changes ventricular arrhythmias (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to lower atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, or both (within 30 days) compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Bradycardia · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers may leads to higher bradycardia (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Hypotension · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers probably leads to higher hypotension (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Conscious sedation and analgesia (CSA) + paracervical block (PCB) vs general anaesthesia

Pregnancy · women undergoing oocyte retrieval for assisted reproduction

It is very uncertain whether conscious sedation and analgesia (CSA) + paracervical block (PCB) changes pregnancy compared with general anaesthesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Conscious sedation and analgesia (CSA) + paracervical block (PCB) vs spinal anaesthesia

Pregnancy · women undergoing oocyte retrieval for assisted reproduction

It is very uncertain whether conscious sedation and analgesia (CSA) + paracervical block (PCB) changes pregnancy compared with spinal anaesthesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Peppermint vs placebo

Patient satisfaction with treatment Measured by a validated scale · adults and children having any type of surgical procedure under general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia or sedation, as hospital…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Isopropyl alcohol vs usual care

Nausea duration (measured as nausea‐free at end of treatment) Assessed by time (minutes) to 50% reduction in nausea score Scale from: 0 to 120 · adults and children having any type of surgical procedure under general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia or sedation, as hospital…
1 finding from 1 review