Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

142 questions · 148 findings · 9 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

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No studies found 23 · 15.5%GRADE not reported 8 · 5.4%Very low 36 · 24.3%Low 44 · 29.7%Moderate 29 · 19.6%High 8 · 5.4%

Summary of findings for additional food items between meals vs usual care

Nutritional status, measured by body weight (kg, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for additional food items between meals vs usual care

Mealtime behaviour not measured · people with dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Adverse events related to the use of physical restraints · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Falls · older people in general hospital settings

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair showed no clear difference in falls compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.79]
1 study · 180 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Fall‐related injuries · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Mobility · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Challenging behaviour · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Quality of life · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Use of physical restraints · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings for verbal and physical encouragement by touch vs only verbal encouragement during meals

Food and fluid intake, measured by calories consumed per meal (kcal, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

Summary of findings for verbal and physical encouragement by touch vs only verbal encouragement during meals

Food and fluid intake, measured by protein consumed per meal (grams, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

Summary of findings for verbal and physical encouragement by touch vs only verbal encouragement during meals

Nutritional status not measured · people with dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings for verbal and physical encouragement by touch vs only verbal encouragement during meals

Mealtime behaviour not measured · people with dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings for education and nutrition promotion programme vs no intervention

Mealtime behaviour · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 656 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings for education and nutrition promotion programme vs no intervention

Food and fluid intake, measured by total protein intake (g/kg of body weight, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 78 participants
Low

Summary of findings for education and nutrition promotion programme vs no intervention

Nutritional status · people with dementia

3 findings from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 656 participants
Low
Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Low
Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 734 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings for education and nutrition promotion programme vs no intervention

Nutritional status, measured by body weight (kg, · people with dementia

2 findings from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 52 participants
Low
Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 656 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings for feeding skills training programme for nurses vs no intervention

Food and fluid intake, measured as amount of served food eaten (percentage, · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Summary of findings for feeding skills training programme for nurses vs no intervention

Nutritional status not measured · people with dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings for feeding skills training programme for nurses vs no intervention

Mealtime behaviour · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low