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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

628 questions · 651 findings · 39 reviews · Skin

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No studies found 167 · 25.7%GRADE not reported 47 · 7.2%Very low 80 · 12.3%Low 139 · 21.4%Moderate 174 · 26.7%High 44 · 6.8%

Benzoyl peroxide vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse effects (side effects; treatment withdrawals) · participants with acne

Benzoyl peroxide may leads to higher withdrawal due to adverse effects (long‐term data) Treatment… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzoyl peroxide vs placebo or no treatment

Total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term data) Treatment duration: range 10 weeks to 12 weeks · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether benzoyl peroxide changes total number of participants with any adverse events (long‐term… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Infliximab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to higher infliximab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Tildrakizumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment leads to higher tildrakizumab compared with placebo (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Oral Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment may leads to higher oral tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Certolizumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to higher certolizumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Ciclosporin · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

It is very uncertain whether any systemic treatment changes ciclosporin compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Etanercept · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to higher etanercept compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Methotrexate · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment may leads to higher methotrexate compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Tofacitinib · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment may leads to higher tofacitinib compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Apremilast · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to higher apremilast compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Acitretin · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

It is very uncertain whether any systemic treatment changes acitretin compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Ixekizumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to higher ixekizumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Bimekizumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment showed no clear difference in bimekizumab compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Risankizumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment probably leads to lower risankizumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Ustekinumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment showed no clear difference in ustekinumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Guselkumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment showed no clear difference in guselkumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Any systemic treatment vs placebo

Adalimumab · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

Any systemic treatment showed no clear difference in adalimumab compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review