Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

107 questions · 107 findings · 13 reviews · Anaesthesia

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No studies found 16 · 15%GRADE not reported 9 · 8.4%Very low 43 · 40.2%Low 32 · 29.9%Moderate 6 · 5.6%High 1 · 0.9%

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training vs usual care, non‐exercise intervention

Adverse events · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training for postoperative pulmonary complications in adults undergoing cardiac and… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 462 participants
Low

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training vs usual care, non‐exercise intervention

Length of hospital stay · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative inspiratory muscle training for postoperative pulmonary complications in adults undergoing cardiac and… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 424 participants
Low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

Postoperative mortality · adult participants given general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether PEEP changes postoperative mortality compared with zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97
6 studies · 268 participants
Very low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

Oxygen efficiency (PaO2/FiO2) day 1 postoperative · adult participants given general anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

Oxygen efficiency (PaO2/FiO2) day 3 postoperative · adult participants given general anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

Pneumonia · adult participants given general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether PEEP changes pneumonia compared with zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.4
3 studies · 120 participants
Very low

PEEP vs zero end‐expiratory pressure (ZEEP) during mechanical ventilation

Postoperative Atelectasis (Using a scale from: 0‐6) · adult participants given general anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) during anaesthesia for prevention of mortality and postoperative pulmonary… 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 88 participants
Very low