Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,801 questions · 4,079 findings · 473 reviews

No studies found 669 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 852 · 20.9%Very low 738 · 18.1%Low 903 · 22.1%Moderate 716 · 17.6%High 201 · 4.9%

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

Recurrent VTEc · patients with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in recurrent VTEc compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral factor Xa inhibitors vs conventional anticoagulation

DVTd · patients with a pulmonary embolism, confirmed by standard imaging techniques

Oral factor Xa inhibitors showed no clear difference in DVTd compared with conventional anticoagulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Health‐related quality of life · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2 findings from 1 review

Inspiratory muscle training vs control or sham

Dyspnea · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3 findings from 1 review

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Patients with carious pulp exposure in permanent teeth undergoing DPC or pulpotomy

MTA achieved higher clinical and radiographic success than calcium hydroxide overall (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.96-4.49; low certainty), but this unadjusted estimate pools clinically heterogeneous DPC and pulpotomy studies.

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium hydroxide (CH) vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)

Continued root formation / root development · Patients with carious pulp exposure in permanent teeth (predominantly immature) undergoing DPC or pulpotomy

Evidence on continued root formation for calcium hydroxide versus MTA is weak and inconclusive (3 RCTs, not pooled; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Patients with carious pulp exposure in permanent teeth with mixed root development

The effect of MTA versus CH in teeth with mixed root development is very uncertain (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Biodentine vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Patients with carious pulp exposure in permanent teeth undergoing DPC or pulpotomy

MTA and Biodentine performed comparably for clinical and radiographic success (5 RCTs, not pooled; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Patients with carious pulp exposure in mature permanent teeth

MTA increases clinical and radiographic success versus CH in mature teeth (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Selective caries removal (SCR) + composite resin vs Complete caries removal (CCR) + composite resin

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy

In one RCT, selective caries removal had a 3.44 higher probability of failure than complete caries removal.

1 finding from 1 review

Composite strip crowns with composite, fiber, or reverse metal posts vs Alternative post type

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy

In one RCT, composite strip crowns with composite posts had an annual failure rate of 2.3% after 1 year.

1 finding from 1 review

Resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) restoration vs Amalgam, compomer, composite resin, or glass carbomer

Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with previously unrestored, vital carious lesions in primary teeth (no pulp therapy); aged 1.5-11 years

RMGIC had an annual failure rate of 1.9-16.9% (4 RCTs), lower than amalgam and similar to compomer/composite; low quality of evidence (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Compomer (C) vs Resin composite restoration

Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with carious primary molars treated by pulpotomy (vital pulp therapy)

Compomer restorations had an annual failure rate of 8.9% in primary molars after pulpotomy, higher than composite resin in the same trial (single high-risk-of-bias RCT; low quality of evidence; not GRADE-rated).

2 findings from 1 review