Health‐related quality of life · participants with chronic cough
Speech and language therapy may leads to higher health‐related quality of life compared with healthy lifestyle advice (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events · participants with chronic cough
1 finding from 1 review
Objective cough counts (over 24‐hour period) · participants with chronic cough
1 finding from 1 review
Symptoms · participants with chronic cough
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical improvement (as defined by trialists) · participants with chronic cough
It is very uncertain whether speech and language therapy changes clinical improvement (as defined by trialists) compared with healthy lifestyle advice (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cough · participants with chronic cough
Speech and language therapy showed no clear difference in subjective measures of cough (e.g. VAS/numerical cough scale score) compared with healthy lifestyle advice (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cough reflex sensitivity (as measured by cough challenge: capsaicin concentration required to provoke 5 coughs) · participants with chronic cough
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · participants with chronic cough
1 finding from 1 review
Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy showed no clear difference in resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 6 to 12 months after 6… compared with urotherapy alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of incontinence episodes · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Resource implications (e.g. cost of incontinence management methods) · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life measurements · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
1 finding from 1 review
Major cardiovascular event Physicians · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Statin therapy leads to lower major cardiovascular events (MACE) compared with placebo or standard of care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Statin therapy leads to lower death compared with placebo or standard of care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rhabdomyolysis · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
It is very uncertain whether statin therapy changes rhabdomyolysis compared with placebo or standard of care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Myocardial infarction · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Statin therapy probably leads to lower myocardial infarction compared with placebo or standard of care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stroke · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Statin therapy showed no clear difference in stroke compared with placebo or standard of care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Kidney failure · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Statin therapy showed no clear difference in kidney failure compared with placebo or standard of care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review