Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

121 questions · 131 findings · 14 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 30 · 22.9%GRADE not reported 64 · 48.9%Very low 28 · 21.4%Low 5 · 3.8%Moderate 4 · 3.1%High 0 · 0%

Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy excluded) administered before and/or after tooth extraction vs placebo

Fever · People undergoing tooth extraction (21 of 23 trials: healthy patients undergoing impacted third molar extraction; 1 routine intra-alveolar…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (any regimen; topical therapy… changes fever (6th-7th day) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Adverse events · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of postoperative analgesia · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes duration of postoperative analgesia (in hours) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block led to higher time to first analgesic requirement compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with placebo (sham block) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Adverse events · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery
1 finding from 1 review