Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

94 questions · 96 findings · 16 reviews · Back and Neck

No studies found 1 · 1%GRADE not reported 4 · 4.2%Very low 33 · 34.4%Low 34 · 35.4%Moderate 22 · 22.9%High 2 · 2.1%

Intervention not reported

Pain intensity various scales short‐term · adults with chronic low‐back pain
1 finding from 1 review

Back School vs short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity

Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days compared with short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review