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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

216 questions · 226 findings · 24 reviews · Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

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No studies found 84 · 37.2%GRADE not reported 5 · 2.2%Very low 73 · 32.3%Low 39 · 17.3%Moderate 25 · 11.1%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy changes all‐cause mortality (N) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (N) · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (N) compared with no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: pioglitazone monotherapy vs another pharmacological glucose‐lowering monotherapy

Repaglinide Diagnostic criteria: 1 study applied the ADA 2010 criteria (FPG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L and < 6.9 mmol/L and 2‐h glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L or < 11.0 mmol/L after a 75 g OGTT; Zhang 2007) · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
1 finding from 1 review

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Thiazolidinediones Diagnostic criteria: 2 trials applied the WHO 1999 criteria (FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L and/or a 2‐hour glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L after a 75 g OGTT) (Jin 2009; Zeng 2013). No medical association recommended the cut‐off points applied in Maji ... · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes

Summary of findings table for metformin showed no clear difference in thiazolidinediones Diagnostic criteria: 2 trials applied the WHO… compared with diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Intensive diet plus exercise · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
4 findings from 1 review
Show 1 more finding

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Acarbose · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
3 findings from 1 review

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Thiazolidinediones · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
2 findings from 1 review

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Placebo or diet and exercise · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
2 findings from 1 review

Metformin vs diet and exercise or another antidiabetic drug

Placebo or diet and exercise Description: SF‐36 to evaluate the health utility index SF‐6D (physical component summaries and mental component summaries) Minimal important difference: difference in scores between groups of at least 3% · people at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes
1 finding from 1 review