Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,429 questions · 3,558 findings · 436 reviews

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No studies found 660 · 18.5%GRADE not reported 375 · 10.5%Very low 727 · 20.4%Low 887 · 24.9%Moderate 709 · 19.9%High 200 · 5.6%

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Mortality ‐ sildenafil versus placebo · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Low

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Mortality ‐ sildenafil versus bosentan · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality ‐ sildenafil versus bosentan compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.36 [0.22, 8.48]
1 study · 106 participants
Low

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Quality of life · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Low

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

2 findings from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Low
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 227 participants
Moderate

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Cardiac index · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

2 findings from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Low
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 227 participants
Moderate

Group 4 Pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PVR · people with pulmonary hypertension due to CTEPH

2 findings from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 19 participants
Low
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 227 participants
Moderate

Ledermix (corticosteroid/antibiotic pulp-capping cement) vs Calcium hydroxide (CH)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
1 study · 275 participants
GRADE not reported

Ledermix (corticosteroid/antibiotic pulp-capping cement) vs Glycerrhetinic acid/antibiotic mixture

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
1 study · 275 participants
GRADE not reported

Ledermix (corticosteroid/antibiotic pulp-capping cement) vs Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE)

Clinical success (survival free of symptoms) at 24 months · Adults with asymptomatic teeth with vital carious pulp exposures

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality 2007 · Cochrane All outcomes
24 months
Shovelton 1971 (Analysis 1.1): 275 teeth followed for 2 years (235 at 6 months, 160 at 12 months, 85 analysed at 24 months). Success rates 50% to 80%. Ledermix and calcium hydroxide had the highest success rates,…
1 study · 275 participants
GRADE not reported

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Improvement in WHO functional class · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i may leads to higher improvement in WHO functional class compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 44.33 [4.78, 410.94]
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Six‐minute walk distance · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 350 participants
High

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Quality of life · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 238 participants
Moderate

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 61 participants
Moderate

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Cardiac index · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

PVR · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 3 Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

RAP · people with pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Improvement in WHO functional class · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i probably leads to lower improvement in WHO functional class compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.53 [0.32, 0.87]
3 studies · 285 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

Six‐minute walk distance · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 284 participants
Moderate

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i vs placebo

All‐cause mortality · people with pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease

Group 2 Pulmonary hypertension due to left‐heart disease ‐ PDE5i showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.28, 5.8]
3 studies · 286 participants
Moderate