Fracture · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.09), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Bone mineral density in forearm · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in forearm, Community-dwelling adults: WMD -0.70 (95% CI -1.70 to 0.40), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -0.70 [-1.70, 0.40]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Prostate cancer · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 1,25(OH)2D) for Prostate cancer: OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.14), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
Kidney cancer · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Kidney cancer: OR 1.01 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.58), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
Fracture · Participants in observational studies
The meta-analysis of observational studies reported a SMD (to OR) of 0.31 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.42) for higher versus lower circulating vitamin D concentration.
1 finding from 1 review
Hip/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in hip, Community-dwelling adults: WMD 0.70 (95% CI -0.10 to 1.60), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 0.70 [-0.10, 1.60]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
Parathyroidectomy · Adults with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Parathyroidectomy: RR 0.82 (95% CI 0.05 to 12.47), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L) · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Low density lipoprotein: WMD 3.23 (95% CI 0.55 to 5.9), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 3.23 [0.55, 5.9]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
CVD · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Cardiovascular disease: RR 0.95 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.05), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.95 [0.86, 1.05]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Body‐mass index (BMI) · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Body mass index: Z score -0.15 (95% CI -0.19 to -0.11), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · children
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in lumbar spine, Healthy children: SMD 0.15 (95% CI -0.01 to 0.31), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 0.15 [-0.01, 0.31]
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Sporadic colorectal adenoma · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of observational studies (higher vs lower 25(OH)D) for Sporadic colorectal adenoma: OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.97), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Hip Fracture · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures: hip, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 1.15 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.33), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Alkaline phosphatase · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Alkaline phosphatase: WMD -21.81 (95% CI -40.39 to 3.22), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Birth length · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Birth length: WMD 0.97 (95% CI -0.41 to 2.34), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 0.97 [-0.41, 2.34]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Systolic blood pressure · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Systolic blood pressure: WMD -2.39 (95% CI -5.7 to 0.9), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -2.39 [-5.7, 0.9]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Risk of hyperphosphataemia · Adults with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Risk of hyperphosphataemia: RR 1.58 (95% CI 0.47 to 5.30), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal vitamin D concentration at term (25‐hydroxyvitamin D) (nmol/L) (ALL) · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Maternal vitamin D concentrations at term: WMD 47.08 (95% CI 23.76 to 70.39), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Probable.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 47.08 [23.76, 70.39]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Bone mineral density · children
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density (Whole body / total), Healthy children: SMD 0.1 (95% CI -0.06 to 0.26), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 0.1 [-0.06, 0.26]
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Hip/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) · children
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in hip, Healthy children: SMD 0.06 (95% CI -0.18 to 0.29), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 0.06 [-0.18, 0.29]
4 studies
GRADE not reported