Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,106 questions · 1,202 findings · 24 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer

No studies found 145 · 12.1%GRADE not reported 760 · 63.2%Very low 201 · 16.7%Low 66 · 5.5%Moderate 29 · 2.4%High 1 · 0.1%

Oxitard (antioxidant) vs Topical aloe vera gel

Difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Oxitard (antioxidant) led to lower difficulty in swallowing (participant-reported proxy) compared with aloe vera gel; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs Spirulina

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Pentoxifylline may leads to lower maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with spirulina (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydrocortisone plus hyaluronidase (intralesional) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether hydrocortisone plus hyaluronidase (intralesional) changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with placebo or no active treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intralesional triamcinolone vs Intralesional salvianolic acid B

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether intralesional triamcinolone changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with intralesional salvianolic acid B (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery vs Radiotherapy alone

Adverse events associated with treatment · Adults with oropharyngeal cancer
1 finding from 1 review

Elective radical (comprehensive) neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

Total mortality · Adults with oral cavity cancer
1 finding from 1 review

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) vs Therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection

Adverse events associated with treatment · Adults with oral cavity cancer (tongue or floor of mouth) and clinically negative neck nodes

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) probably leads to higher adverse events associated with treatment compared with therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) vs Elective neck dissection

Recurrence · Adults with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer
1 finding from 1 review

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) vs Elective neck dissection

Locoregional recurrence · Adults with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer

Sentinel node biopsy (neck dissection only if biopsy positive) showed no clear difference in locoregional recurrence compared with elective neck dissection (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PET-CT following chemoradiotherapy (neck dissection only if no/incomplete response) vs Planned neck dissection before or after chemoradiotherapy

Recurrence · Adults with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer with nodal disease (stage N2 or N3)
1 finding from 1 review

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) vs Therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection

Recurrence · Adults with oral cavity cancer (tongue or floor of mouth) and clinically negative neck nodes

Elective neck dissection (at time of primary tumour resection) probably leads to lower recurrence compared with therapeutic (delayed) neck dissection (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review