Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

219 questions · 228 findings · 7 reviews · Pain control and patient management

No studies found 118 · 51.8%GRADE not reported 35 · 15.4%Very low 47 · 20.6%Low 24 · 10.5%Moderate 4 · 1.8%High 0 · 0%

3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Success of local anaesthesia, absence of pain (clinical testing of healthy pulps, hard and soft tissues) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin probably leads to lower success of local anaesthesia, absence of pain (clinical testing of… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Success of local anaesthesia, absence of pain (clinical testing of healthy pulps, hard and soft tissues) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes success of local anaesthesia, absence of pain (clinical testing of… compared with 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

2% mepivacaine, 1:20,000 levonordefrin vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Success of local anaesthesia (clinical; orphan data) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…
1 finding from 1 review
  • No data available for meta-analysis; orphan clinical success data summarized in Table 6 (e.g. clinical anaesthesia success 2% lidocaine 1:100,000 64/110 vs 2% mepivacaine 1:20,000 levonordefrin 99/113). Not…
    Studies not reported
    GRADE not reported

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine may leads to higher duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

Duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes speed of onset of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hypnosis vs No hypnosis (no hypnotic intervention)

Physiological measures during local anaesthesia (pulse rate and oxygen saturation) · Children aged 4 to 13 years with no previous dental experience undergoing restorative treatment with local anaesthesia (Gokli 1994)
1 finding from 1 review
  • With regard to oxygen saturation and pulse rate, only pulse rate was significantly lower in the hypnosis group (P = 0.005); oxygen saturation did not differ significantly. (Gokli 1994; cross-over, 29 children.)
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported

Hypnosis vs No hypnosis (no hypnotic intervention)

Measures of behaviour during local anaesthesia administration (undesirable behaviours: crying, hand movement, physical resistance, leg movement) · Children aged 4 to 13 years with no previous dental experience undergoing restorative treatment with local anaesthesia (Gokli 1994)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Patients who were hypnotised demonstrated fewer undesirable behaviours (crying, hand movement, physical resistance and leg movement) than those who did not undergo hypnosis. Decreased crying with hypnosis was the only…
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported

Hypnosis vs Inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen

Measures of behaviour / negative responses during local anaesthesia administration · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Hypnosis can control some of the patient's negative responses to dental treatment, such as movement and behaviour, during administration of local anaesthesia. (Braithwaite 2005; single-blind cross-over, 10 patients…
    1 study · 10 participants
    GRADE not reported

4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…
2 findings from 1 review

3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…
2 findings from 1 review

0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review