Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,703 questions · 15,007 findings · 1,416 reviews

No studies found 2,881 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 1,551 · 10.3%Very low 3,111 · 20.7%Low 3,881 · 25.9%Moderate 2,669 · 17.8%High 914 · 6.1%

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Antibiotics vs placebo

Pain ‐ pain at 24 hours · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 24 hours compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics probably leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Vomiting, diarrhoea or rash · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics leads to higher vomiting, diarrhoea or rash compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics leads to lower abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months · children with acute otitis media

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant multivitamin and mineral supplement vs placebo or no treatment

Progression to late AMD (neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy or both) · people with AMD

Antioxidant multivitamin and mineral supplement probably leads to lower progression to late AMD (neovascular AMD, geographic atrophy, or both) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lutein with or without zeaxanthin vs placebo

Progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) · people with AMD

Lutein with or without zeaxanthin showed no clear difference in progression to visual loss (loss of 3 or more lines on logMAR chart) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review