What do systematic reviews say?

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) showed no clear difference in calculus (medium term) compared with manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) (low certainty).

• Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Medium term (6 weeks to 12 months)
  SMD -0.04 [-0.40, 0.32]
  2 studies · 120 participants
  Low

Herbal mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Herbal mouthwash led to lower volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  15 days
  MD -70.29 [-121.01, -19.57]
  1 study · 60 participants
  GRADE not reported

Toothbrushing + tongue cleaning with a tooth-and-tongue gel (amine/stannous fluoride + zinc lactate) vs Toothbrushing with reference toothpaste (with or without tongue cleaning)

• Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Wilhelm 2012 (3-arm cross-over trial) compared toothbrushing with a reference toothpaste, with reference toothpaste plus tongue cleaning, and toothbrushing plus tongue cleaning with a tooth-and-tongue gel (OLT, VSC,…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Bar attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes re-treatment: replacement of attachment system (short term) compared with bar attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  RR 1.18 [0.38, 3.71]
  2 studies · 130 participants
  Very low

Pedicled buccal fat pad flap (PBFPF) vs Buccal flap (BF)

• Interventions for treating oro‐antral communications and fistulae due to dental procedures 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  None reported as there were no treatment failures.
  1 study · 20 participants
  GRADE not reported

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Magnetic attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes cost of prosthodontic maintenance (medium term) compared with magnetic attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Medium term (3 to 5 years)
  MD -247.37 [-346.32, -148.42]
  1 study · 69 participants
  Very low

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Magnetic attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes prosthodontic success (medium term) compared with magnetic attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Medium term (3 to 5 years)
  RR 0.84 [0.64, 1.10]
  1 study · 69 participants
  Very low

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Telescopic attachment system

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Any surgical or non-surgical technique or material used for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating post‐extraction bleeding 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data are available as no RCTs have been conducted on interventions to treat post-extraction bleeding
  0 studies
  No studies found

Surgical technique vs Non-surgical technique

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating oro‐antral communications and fistulae due to dental procedures 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Surgical technique vs No treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating oro‐antral communications and fistulae due to dental procedures 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Bar attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes re-treatment: repair of attachment system (short term) compared with bar attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  RR 3.11 [1.68, 5.75]
  2 studies · 130 participants
  Very low

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Bar attachment system

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  Considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 97%). Pooling of data was not done. See comment / See comment
  2 studies · 130 participants
  Very low

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Bar attachment system

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Walton 2002 reported costs but the data could not be used due to failure to report means and standard deviations and only providing the median of the costs.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Bar attachment system

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Only Walton 2002 assessed patient satisfaction but reported narrative results and failed to provide any usable numbers. Quality of life as assessed by a validated measure was not recorded in any of the trials.
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Telescopic attachment system

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Non-surgical technique vs No treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating oro‐antral communications and fistulae due to dental procedures 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Telescopic attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes prosthodontic maintenance: patrix replaced (short term) compared with telescopic attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  RR 6.00 [0.86, 41.96]
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Ball (stud) attachment system vs Telescopic attachment system

It is very uncertain whether ball (stud) attachment system changes prosthodontic maintenance: matrix activated (short term) compared with telescopic attachment system (very low certainty).

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: attachment systems for implant overdentures in edentulous jaws 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 to 3 years)
  RR 11.00 [0.68, 177.72]
  1 study · 22 participants
  Very low

Any surgical or non-surgical technique or material used for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating post‐extraction bleeding 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data are available as no RCTs have been conducted on interventions to treat post-extraction bleeding
  0 studies
  No studies found