Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,156 questions · 1,179 findings · 198 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 250 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 43 · 3.6%Very low 236 · 20%Low 395 · 33.5%Moderate 208 · 17.6%High 47 · 4%

Phenobarbital vs levetiracetam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after maximal loading dose of ASM · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital probably leads to higher proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the maximal… compared with levetiracetam (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs phenytoin

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with phenytoin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs phenytoin

Need for mechanical ventilation · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes requirement of mechanical ventilation compared with phenytoin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs phenytoin

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with phenytoin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first… compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phenobarbital vs lorazepam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenytoin vs lorazepam

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenytoin changes proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first… compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenytoin vs lorazepam

Proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness · neonates with clinically diagnosed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenytoin changes proportion of infants who develop sedation or drowsiness compared with lorazepam (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide vs phenobarbital

Proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first loading dose of ASM · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide showed no clear difference in proportion of infants who achieve seizure control after the first… compared with phenobarbital alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide vs phenobarbital

Mortality before hospital discharge · neonates with EEG‐confirmed seizures

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Phenobarbital + bumetanide changes mortality before hospital discharge compared with phenobarbital alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review