Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,410 questions · 8,901 findings · 1,091 reviews

No studies found 1,687 · 19%GRADE not reported 1,469 · 16.5%Very low 1,969 · 22.1%Low 2,060 · 23.1%Moderate 1,302 · 14.6%High 414 · 4.7%

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Fluoride toothpaste 440 ppm (lower concentration) vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride toothpaste 440 ppm (lower concentration) probably leads to lower fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with fluoride toothpaste 1450 ppm (higher concentration) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpaste 550 ppm (lower concentration) vs Fluoride toothpaste 1000 ppm or more (higher concentration)

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride toothpaste 550 ppm (lower concentration) probably leads to lower fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with fluoride toothpaste 1000 ppm (higher concentration) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Low-power CO2 laser irradiation (LLLT, 0.5 to 2 W) vs Placebo (placebo laser or placebo agent) or no treatment

White spot lesion incidence · High caries-risk patients: fixed-orthodontic-appliance patients and children with partially erupted permanent molars

Low-power CO2 laser (LLLT) is associated with a lower incidence of new white spot lesions than placebo (OR 0.21, CI 0.15 to 0.30; ungraded, 3 RCTs, considerable heterogeneity I2=71%).

1 finding from 1 review

Indirect bonding using flowable composite adhesive (Opal Bond MV) vs Direct bonding (conventional, Transbond XT)

White spot lesion formation (QLF: fluorescence loss, lesion area) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Indirect bonding with a flowable adhesive favored less QLF-measured demineralization, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

color contrast: black vs dark brown/light brown/yellow vs hardness contrast: soft vs medium/hard

total microbial load (log10 CFU) · humans with open primary dentine caries

In one study, hardness category differences exceeded color category differences; no meta-analysis was conducted.

1 finding from 1 review

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence

Voiding education with uroflow feedback and urotherapy showed no clear difference in resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 6 to 12 months after 6… compared with urotherapy alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review