Non‐vertebral fractures · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures: non-vertebral, People aged >65 years: RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.99), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
Muscle strength · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Performance measures: muscle strength, Older adults: SMD -0.19 (95% CI -0.35 to -0.02), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -0.19 [-0.35, -0.02]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Fractures: non-vertebral, non-hip · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures: non-vertebral, non-hip, Older women: OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.21 to 1.66), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.69 [0.21, 1.66]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Diastolic blood pressure · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Diastolic blood pressure: WMD -0.03 (95% CI -1.98 to 1.92), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -0.03 [-1.98, 1.92]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Gestational age at birth (weeks) · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mean gestational age at delivery: WMD 0.17 (95% CI -0.16 to 0.51), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 0.17 [-0.16, 0.51]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Small‐for‐gestational age · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Small for gestational age: RR 0.67 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.11), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
Bone mineral density in forearm · children
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in forearm, Healthy children: SMD 0.04 (95% CI -0.36 to 0.45), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 0.04 [-0.36, 0.45]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Preterm birth · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Preterm delivery: RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.35 to 1.66), not statistically significant.
1 finding from 1 review
Fractures: vertebral or deformity · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures: vertebral or deformity, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.42 to 1.92), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
Bone mineral density in forearm · Community dwelling adults
The meta-analysis of RCTs reported a WMD of -0.70 (95% CI 1.70 to 0.40) for vitamin d supplementation versus control.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -0.70 [-1.70, 0.40]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Cholesterol mg/dL · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Total cholesterol: WMD 1.52 (95% CI -1.42 to 4.46), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 1.52 [-1.42, 4.46]
11 studies
GRADE not reported
Mortality (all cause) · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Mortality (all cause) (Vitamin D2, general population): RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.11), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
2 findings from 1 review
Performance measures: balance sway · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Performance measures: balance sway, Older adults: SMD -0.20 (95% CI -0.39 to -0.01), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -0.20 [-0.39, -0.01]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Performance measures: lower extremity strength · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Performance measures: lower extremity strength, Older adults: SMD 0.05 (95% CI -0.11 to 0.20), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD 0.05 [-0.11, 0.20]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Serum fasting triglyceride (TG, mmol/L) · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Triglycerides: WMD -1.92 (95% CI -7.72 to 3.88), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -1.92 [-7.72, 3.88]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
High density lipoprotein · Adults (general population)
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for High density lipoprotein: WMD -0.14 (95% CI -0.99 to 0.71), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD -0.14 [-0.99, 0.71]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Falls · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Falls, Older adults: OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.11), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
3 findings from 1 review
OR 0.97 [0.84, 1.11]
10 studies
GRADE not reported
RAR 0.55 [0.19, 1.64]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
RAR 1.14 [1.03, 1.27]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Head circumference (mm) · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Head circumference at birth: WMD 0.43 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.79), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.
1 finding from 1 review
WMD 0.43 [0.06, 0.79]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Low birthweight · pregnant women
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Low birth weight: RR 0.4 (95% CI 0.23 to 0.71), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Probable.
1 finding from 1 review
Fracture · Older or community-dwelling adults
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.09), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.
1 finding from 1 review