Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

142 questions · 148 findings · 9 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

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No studies found 23 · 15.5%GRADE not reported 8 · 5.4%Very low 36 · 24.3%Low 44 · 29.7%Moderate 29 · 19.6%High 8 · 5.4%

Summary of findings table ‐ Multimodal interventions vs usual care

Total wake time at night (minutes) · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 102 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Multimodal interventions vs usual care

Number of nocturnal awakenings · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 404 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Multimodal interventions vs usual care

Sleep onset latency ‐ not reported · sleep disturbances in dementia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Multimodal interventions vs usual care

Adverse events · sleep disturbances in dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 589 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability in targeted activities: personal goals ‐ performance (participant self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 501 participants
High

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 380 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Self‐efficacy · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 417 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Mood: depression (participant self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 456 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

QoL · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 783 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Quality of life: psychological (care partner self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 437 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability in targeted activities: personal goals ‐ performance (informant report of participant) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 476 participants
High

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 673 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Self‐efficacy · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 456 participants
High

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Mood: depression (participant self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 502 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

QoL · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 853 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Quality of life: psychological (care partner self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at the end of therapy)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 464 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability in targeted activities: personal goals ‐ performance (participant self‐report) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 432 participants
High

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive rehabilitation vs inactive control

Functional ability in targeted activities: personal goals ‐ performance (informant report of participant) · people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia (at medium‐term follow‐up)

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive rehabilitation for people with mild to moderate dementia 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 446 participants
High

Organisational interventions vs usual care

Residents with at least one physical restraint · older people in all long‐term care settings

Summary of findings table ‐ Organisational intervention probably leads to lower residents with at least one physical restraint compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints for older people in all long‐term care settings 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.76, 0.94]
4 studies · 3849 participants
Moderate

Organisational interventions vs usual care

Residents with at least one belt · older people in all long‐term care settings

Summary of findings table ‐ Organisational intervention probably leads to lower residents with at least one belt compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints for older people in all long‐term care settings 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.54 [0.4, 0.73]
3 studies · 12711 participants
Moderate