Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

76 questions · 78 findings · 20 reviews

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No studies found 18 · 23.1%GRADE not reported 3 · 3.8%Very low 25 · 32.1%Low 10 · 12.8%Moderate 12 · 15.4%High 10 · 12.8%

Intervention not reported

Health‐related quality of life

1 finding from 1 review

Social network interventions to support cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention in the management of people… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 166 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ not reported

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Social network interventions to support cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention in the management of people… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Interventions and comparisons · Pregnant women who smoke

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Abstinence · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to higher abstinence at 0 to 5 months postpartum compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [1.17, 1.5]
35 studies · 8366 participants
High
Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [1.23, 1.48]
97 studies · 26637 participants
Moderate

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Birthweight < 2500 (g) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower low birthweight (under 2500 g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.72, 0.94]
18 studies · 9402 participants
High

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Gestational age (preterm birth < 37 weeks) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in preterm birth (under 37 weeks) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.77, 1.11]
19 studies · 9222 participants
High

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Mean birthweight · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in mean birthweight (g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 55.6
26 studies · 11338 participants
High

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Stillbirth · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy showed no clear difference in stillbirths compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.2 [0.76, 1.9]
8 studies · 6170 participants
High

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Admission to NICU (primary outcome)№ of participants: 204(1 RCT) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower NICU admissions compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.61, 0.98]
8 studies · 2100 participants
High

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Adverse events and psychological impact · Pregnant women who smoke

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 13 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Counselling vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention leads to higher counselling vs usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.44 [1.19, 1.73]
30 studies · 12432 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Health education vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention showed no clear difference in health education vs usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.59 [0.99, 2.55]
5 studies · 629 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Feedback vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention probably leads to higher feedback vs usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.39 [1.89, 10.21]
2 studies · 355 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Incentives vs alternative interventions 7 · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention leads to higher incentives vs alternative interventions 7 (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.36 [1.36, 4.09]
4 studies · 212 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Exercise vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention showed no clear difference in exercise vs usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.2 [0.72, 2.01]
1 study · 785 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Other (active dissemination vs passive dissemination) · Pregnant women who smoke

The intervention showed no clear difference in other (active dissemination vs passive dissemination) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.63 [0.62, 4.32]
1 study · 194 participants
Moderate